Shloka 20

Yamavākya

The Words of Yama

Devanagari script

न मे प्रयोजनं देव नियोगेनेदृशेन वै । एकादश्युपवासी यः स मां त्यक्त्वा व्रजेद्धरिम् ॥ २० ॥

Transliteration

na me prayojanaṃ deva niyogenedṛśena vai | ekādaśyupavāsī yaḥ sa māṃ tyaktvā vrajeddharim || 20 ||

Translation

ໂອ ພຣະເຈົ້າ! ຂ້າພະເຈົ້າບໍ່ມີປະໂຫຍດຈາກຄໍາສັ່ງແບບນີ້ເລີຍ. ຜູ້ໃດອົບພະວາສໃນວັນເອກາດະຊີ—ຂໍໃຫ້ຜູ້ນັ້ນລະທິ້ງຂ້າພະເຈົ້າ ແລະໄປຫາພຣະຫຣິ (ວິດສະນຸ) ແຕ່ຜູ້ດຽວ.

Word by Word

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)

• me: of me / for me
• me: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• prayojanam: purpose, need
• prayojanam: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prayojana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

• deva: O god
• deva: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन (Singular)

• niyogena: by an injunction/command
• niyogena: Karana (करण/instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: niyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन (Singular)

• īdṛśena: such, of this kind
• īdṛśena: Karana (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: īdṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/करण), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (qualifier) of ‘niyogena’

• vai: indeed
• vai: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vai (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• ekādaśī-upavāsī: one who fasts on Ekādaśī
• ekādaśī-upavāsī: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ekādaśī (प्रातिपदिक) + upavāsin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (Tatpurusha): ‘एकादश्याम् उपवासी’ (one who fasts on Ekādaśī); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular)

• yaḥ: who
• yaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्धसूचक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/प्रथमा), एकवचन (Singular); निर्देश-सर्वनाम (correlative pronoun)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• tyaktvā: having abandoned
• tyaktvā: Kriya (क्रिया/auxiliary action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive), ‘having abandoned’

• vrajet: would go
• vrajet: Kriya (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vraj (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• harim: Hari (Vishnu)
• harim: Karma (कर्म/goal object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hari (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

A deity/authority figure addressing the Lord (Deva) within the Ekadashi-māhātmya narrative (voice of renunciation toward exclusive Hari-bhakti)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: Ekādaśī

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Hari
• Vishnu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It declares the supremacy of Hari-bhakti: Ekādaśī fasting is portrayed as a vow that orients the devotee exclusively toward Viṣṇu, even above competing claims of lesser attachments or commands.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti here is single-pointed (ananya): the Ekādaśī-upavāsī is urged to go to Hari alone, showing that true devotion prioritizes Viṣṇu as the final refuge and goal.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Ritual discipline (kalpa-style vrata-prayoga) is implied: observing Ekādaśī upavāsa as a regulated vow (niyama) directed to Viṣṇu, emphasizing correct observance and intention rather than mere social obligation.