Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 58, Shloka 25

Adhyaya 58 — The Kurma-Form of Narayana: Mapping Bharata through Nakshatras, Regions, and Planetary Afflictions

Sanskrit

तथा वारिचराः कोलाः चर्मपट्टनिवासिनः ।

गणबाह्याः पराः कृष्णा द्वीपवास निवासिनः ॥

Transliteration

tathā vāricarāḥ kolāḥ carmapaṭṭa-nivāsinaḥ | gaṇa-bāhyāḥ parāḥ kṛṣṇā dvīpa-vāsa-nivāsinaḥ ||

Translation

ທຳນອງດຽວກັນ ຊາວໂກລະຜູ້ເຄື່ອນໄຫວຕາມນ້ຳ/ເທິງນ້ຳ; ຜູ້ອາໄສຢູ່ຈາຣະມະປັດຕະ; ຜູ້ຢູ່ນອກກຸ່ມຊຸມຊົນ (ຄະນະ) ທີ່ຮັບຮູ້; ຊົນເຜົ່າຜິວຄ່ອນຂ້າງຄ້ຳທີ່ຢູ່ໄກ; ແລະຜູ້ອາໄສໃນຖິ່ນຖານເກາະ ກໍຖືກລຽນບັນຊີໄວ້.

Word by Word

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अन्वय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारार्थक/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (adverb ‘thus/likewise’)

• वारिचराः: water-dwellers
• वारिचराः: Karta (कर्ता/उद्देश्य-निर्देशः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वारि-चर (प्रातिपदिक); चर (धातु √चर्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘वारिणि चराः’ (moving/dwelling in water)

• कोलाः: the Kolas
• कोलाः: Karta (कर्ता/उद्देश्य-निर्देशः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

• चर्मपट्टनिवासिनः: residents of Carmapaṭṭa
• चर्मपट्टनिवासिनः: Karta (कर्ता/उद्देश्य-निर्देशः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्मपट्ट-निवासिन् (प्रातिपदिक); निवासिन् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक from √वस् ‘to dwell’, with नि-उपसर्ग)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; षष्ठी/सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः: ‘चर्मपट्टे निवासिनः’ (residents of Carmapaṭṭa)

• गणबाह्याः: outsiders (excluded from the group)
• गणबाह्याः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गण-बाह्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘गणात् बाह्याः’ (outside the group/caste)

• पराः: other/further
• पराः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

• कृष्णाः: dark/black
• कृष्णाः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन

• द्वीपवास-निवासिनः: residents of Dvīpavāsa
• द्वीपवास-निवासिनः: Karta (कर्ता/उद्देश्य-निर्देशः)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वीपवास-निवासिन् (प्रातिपदिक); निवासिन् (कृदन्त from √वस्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः: ‘द्वीपवासे निवासिनः’ (dwelling in Dvīpavāsa)

Speakers

• Purāṇic narrator (catalogue style); specific interlocutors not indicated in the supplied excerpt

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shanta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Ethnography
• Frontier peoples
• Island geographies
• Social categorization in catalogues

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The Purāṇic catalogue recognizes many communities at the edges of the classical heartland; it implicitly asserts that the moral cosmos includes both insiders and outsiders.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Cosmography/earth-description (kṣetra-varṇana) as supporting Purāṇic material; not directly sarga/pratisarga.

What is the esoteric significance?

“Outside the gaṇas” can be read symbolically as liminal beings at the margins of order—necessary contrasts that help define the center’s dharmic identity.