Shloka 97

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

कुमारैस्तरुणैर्वृद्धैरुरगैरुपशोभितम् ।

तथैव नागकन्याभिः क्रीडन्तीभिरितस्ततः ॥

Transliteration

kumārais taruṇair vṛddhair uragair upaśobhitam | tathaiva nāgakanyābhiḥ krīḍantībhir itas tataḥ ||

Translation

ມັນຖືກປະດັບດ້ວຍນາກ—ທັງເດັກນ້ອຍ ວັຍໜຸ່ມ ແລະຜູ້ເຖົ້າ—ພ້ອມທັງນາກນາງສາວ ທີ່ຫຼິ້ນຢູ່ບ່ອນນັ້ນບ່ອນນີ້।

Word by Word

• कुमारैः: by/with boys
• कुमारैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुमार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (करण/सह), बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तरुणैः: young
• तरुणैः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Plural; विशेषण (qualifier)

• वृद्धैः: old/elder
• वृद्धैः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वृद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Plural; विशेषण

• उरगैः: by/with serpents
• उरगैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उरग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• उपशोभितम्: adorned/beautified
• उपशोभितम्: विशेष्य-धर्म (Predicate adjective)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उप-शोभ् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — PPP, Neuter, Nom/Acc Singular; कर्मणि प्रयोगे ‘adorned’

• तथा: thus/so
• तथा: सम्बन्ध/रीति (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण — Indeclinable adverb

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, निश्चयार्थक-निपात — particle of emphasis

• नागकन्याभिः: by/with nāga-maidens
• नागकन्याभिः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग + कन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — Feminine, Instrumental, Plural; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (नागानां कन्याः)

• क्रीडन्तीभिः: playing/sporting
• क्रीडन्तीभिः: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रीड् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present active participle), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन — PAP, Feminine, Instrumental, Plural; विशेषण (qualifying nāgakanyābhiḥ)

• इतस्: here/this way
• इतस्: देश (Location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इतस् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देशवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण — adverb of place ‘from here/this side’

• ततः: there/then
• ततः: देश/काल (Place/Sequence)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, देश/क्रमवाचक — adverb ‘there/from there/then’

Speakers

• Narrator voice (frame-speaker not identifiable from verses alone)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "adbhuta", "secondaryRasa": "shringara", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Idealized otherworld society
• Prosperity and play (krīḍā)
• Varṇana (scene description)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The scene normalizes Pātāla as a structured, thriving society; it encourages the reader to see ‘the other’ as possessing culture and order, not merely as monstrous or chaotic.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Ākhyāna/varṇana. It is descriptive ethnography within a narrative, not a pancalakṣaṇa doctrinal segment.

What is the esoteric significance?

The presence of all ages suggests wholeness and continuity; ‘play’ signifies līlā—spontaneous, non-anxious movement of life-force in a protected realm.