Shloka 9

Adhyaya 23 — Ashvatara’s Vow for Madalasa and the Bestowal of Musical Science by Sarasvati

Sanskrit

चिन्तयामास सा बाला मां श्रुत्वा निधनं गतम् ।

तत्याज जीवितं साध्वी धिङ्मां निष्ठुरमानसम् ॥

Transliteration

cintayāmāsa sā bālā māṃ śrutvā nidhanaṃ gatam | tatyāja jīvitaṃ sādhvī dhiṅ māṃ niṣṭhura-mānasam ||

Translation

«ນາງສາວນ້ອຍນັ້ນຄົງຄິດວ່າ: ‘ເມື່ອໄດ້ຍິນວ່າຂ້ອຍຕາຍ ນາງຜູ້ຮັກສາພຣະຈັນທະ (ຜູ້ມີຄວາມບໍລິສຸດ) ກໍລະທິ້ມຊີວິດຂອງນາງ.’ ອັບອາຍແກ່ຂ້ອຍ—ຂ້ອຍຊ່າງໃຈຮ້າຍເຫຼືອເກີນ!»

Word by Word

• cintayāmāsa: thought/reflected
• cintayāmāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √cint (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• sā: she
• sā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• bālā: the young woman/girl
• bālā: Karta-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-सामानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bālā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• śrutvā: having heard
• śrutvā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √śru (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (Gerund)

• nidhanam: death
• nidhanam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nidhana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• gatam: gone (to death), dead
• gatam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gata (प्रातिपदिक; √gam → PPP)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; agrees with mām (sense: ‘gone to death’ = ‘dead’)

• tatyāja: abandoned/gave up
• tatyāja: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √tyaj (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• jīvitam: life
• jīvitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jīvita (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• sādhvī: the virtuous woman
• sādhvī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sādhvī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• dhik: fie/shame on
• dhik: Bhāva-prakāśa (भाव-प्रकाश)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dhik (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (interjection/particle of censure)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• niṣṭhuramānasam: cruel-minded
• niṣṭhuramānasam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: niṣṭhura + mānasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय समास (निष्ठुरं मानसम्), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; used as epithet of ‘me’ (acc.)

Speakers

• Protagonist’s inner speech (reported by narrator)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Guilt
• Marital devotion
• Ethical self-judgment

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The verse frames moral awakening as internal condemnation: the protagonist recognizes the ripple-effect of his fate upon a virtuous spouse, emphasizing responsibility beyond one’s own survival.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Narrative ethics within ākhyāna; not a pancalakṣaṇa element.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Dhik’ (self-censure) functions as tapas-like heat: remorse can become the inner fire that burns ignorance, preparing the mind for steadiness and higher discernment.