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Shloka 4

Adhyaya 19 — Kartavirya Arjuna at Dattatreya’s Ashram: Boons, Sovereignty, and Vaishnava Praise

Sanskrit

यथैवोक्ताः पुरा देवाः मद्यभोगादिकुत्सनम् ।

स्त्री चेयं मम पार्श्वस्थेत्येतद्भोगाच्च कुत्सितम् ॥

Transliteration

yathaivoktāḥ purā devā madyabhogādikutsanam / strī ceyaṃ mama pārśvasthā ity etad bhogāc ca kutsitam

Translation

ເຊັ່ນທີ່ເທວະດາເຄີຍກ່າວຕຳນິການດື່ມເຫຼົ້າ ແລະການຫຼົງໄຫຼໃນຄວາມສຸກສຳລານ ແລະອື່ນໆ—ດັ່ງນັ້ນເຊັ່ນກັນ ການເວົ້າວ່າ «ແມ່ຍິງນີ້ຢູ່ຂ້າງຂ້ອຍ» ແລະຫຼົງໄຫຼໃນຄວາມເພີດເພີນແບບນັ້ນ ກໍເປັນສິ່ງຄວນຕຳນິເຊັ່ນກັນ.

Word by Word
यथाas
यथा:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; relative adverb (‘as’)
एवindeed, just
एव:
Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; emphatic particle
उक्ताःwere said
उक्ताः:
Kriyā (क्रिया-भाव)
TypeVerb
Rootukta (कृदन्त; √vac ‘to say’)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP) used predicatively; पुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा, बहुवचन; (said/declared)
पुराformerly
पुरा:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpurā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; temporal adverb (‘formerly’)
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग; प्रथमा, बहुवचन
मद्यभोगादिकुत्सनम्censure of wine-drinking and indulgence etc.
मद्यभोगादिकुत्सनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmadya-bhoga-ādi-kutsana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: मद्य + भोग + आदि + कुत्सन (तत्पुरुष ‘censure of drinking/indulgence etc.’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया, एकवचन
स्त्रीa woman
स्त्री:
Karta/Topic (कर्ता/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
चand
च:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
इयम्this (woman)
इयम्:
Karta/Topic (कर्ता/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; स्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, एकवचन
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी (Genitive/6th), एकवचन
पार्श्वस्थेat (my) side
पार्श्वस्थे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpārśva-stha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमास: पार्श्व + स्थ (तत्पुरुष ‘standing at the side’); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन; (in/at my side)
इतिthus
इति:
Vākyopasaṃhāra (वाक्योपसंहार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; quotative particle
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karta/Topic (कर्ता/विषय)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (here: subject/topic ‘this’)
भोगात्from indulgence
भोगात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootbhoga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग; पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), एकवचन
चand
च:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
कुत्सितम्blameworthy, censured
कुत्सितम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkutsita (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √kuts ‘to despise’)
Formभूतकृदन्त (PPP) used predicatively; नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; agrees with ‘एतत्’
Speakers
Dattātreya (sage) admonishing; narrative voice introduces his teaching
Primary Deities
Dattātreya
Shakti Aspects
Not explicit (the ‘woman at my side’ is not named here; later verses suggest a divine test/illusion context)
Key Themes
Ethical restraintCondemnation of intoxicationSense-controlDiscernment regarding pleasure

FAQs

The verse frames indulgence—especially intoxication and possessive sensuality—as spiritually and ethically degrading; it warns a ruler that self-mastery is integral to legitimate power.

Dharma-teaching embedded in narrative (ākhyāna). It is not one of the five cosmological marks, but a didactic passage within vaṃśānucarita-style storytelling.

‘Woman at my side’ can function as a symbol of appropriation—turning relationship into possession; the critique targets the ego’s claim (‘mine’) that converts śakti into an object of consumption.

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