Shloka 35

अनुशासनपर्व अध्याय ९३ — तपस्, सदोपवास, विघसाशन, अतिथिप्रियता

Austerity, regulated fasting, residual-eating, and hospitality

Devanagari script

अधीत्य च यथान्यायं विधिवत्‌ तस्य कारिण: । उपपन्नो गुरुकुले सत्यवादी सहस्रश:

Transliteration

adhītya ca yathānyāyaṁ vidhivat tasya kāriṇaḥ | upapanno gurukule satyavādī sahasraśaḥ ||

Translation

ພີດສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ຮຽນຮູ້ຕາມຫຼັກທີ່ຖືກຕ້ອງ (yathā-nyāya) ແລະປະພຶດຕາມຄຳສອນນັ້ນຢ່າງຖືກພິທີ; ຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ຮັບການຝຶກຝົນຢ່າງສົມຄວນໃນຄຸຣຸກຸລະ (gurukula); ແລະຜູ້ທີ່ໄດ້ພິສູດຕົນເປັນຜູ້ເວົ້າສັດ (satyavādī) ນັບບໍ່ຖ້ວນ—ພຣາຫມັນເຊັ່ນນີ້ ຜູ້ມີວິໄນ ແລະວິຊາ ຍ່ອມມີອຳນາດແຫ່ງການຊຳລະ. ແມ່ນແຕ່ດ້ວຍການມີຢູ່ຂອງພວກເຂົາ ກໍຊຳລະພຣາຫມັນອື່ນໆທີ່ນັ່ງຢູ່ໃນຂອບເຂດທີ່ສາຍຕາພວກເຂົາເຫັນເຖິງ.

Word by Word

• अधीत्य: having studied
• अधीत्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: अधि-इ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• यथा: as, according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• न्यायम्: rule/propriety, due method
• न्यायम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: न्याय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• विधिवत्: according to injunction, duly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधिवत्

• तस्य: of him/that
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• कारिणः: doers, practitioners (those who act accordingly)
• कारिणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• उपपन्नः: qualified, endowed, established
• उपपन्नः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपपन्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle) from उप-√पद्/√पद् (to go/attain) in sense 'endowed/qualified/established'

• गुरुकुले: in the teacher's household (gurukula)
• गुरुकुले: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुरुकुल
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• सत्यवादी: truth-speaking
• सत्यवादी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्यवादिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• सहस्रशः: a thousandfold; in thousands; repeatedly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहस्रशस्

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Learning is not sufficient by itself: one must study correctly (yathā-nyāyam), follow scriptural procedure (vidhivat), and embody the teaching in conduct (tasya kāriṇaḥ). Truthfulness (satyavāda) and disciplined training in the gurukula are presented as marks of genuine spiritual and social authority, capable of purifying others.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. Here he praises a class of well-trained, truthful, properly practicing Brahmins and describes their sanctifying influence, emphasizing the ethical power of lived discipline and verified integrity.