Shloka 45
Dāyavibhāga (Inheritance Apportionment) and Household Precedence — Dialogue of Yudhiṣṭhira and Bhīṣma
प्रसिद्ध भाषितं दाने नैषां प्रत्यायकं पुन: । ये मन्यन्ते क्रयं शुल्क न ते धर्मविदो नरा:
bhīṣma uvāca | prasiddhaṃ bhāṣitaṃ dāne naiṣāṃ pratyāyakaṃ punaḥ | ye manyante krayaṃ śulkaṃ na te dharmavido narāḥ |
ພີດສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: «ໃນເລື່ອງການໃຫ້ທານ—ໂດຍສະເພາະການມອບທິດາ—ມີຄໍາເວົ້າທີ່ຜູ້ຄົນຮູ້ຈັກກັນດີ: ທຸກຄົນເອີ້ນມັນວ່າ ‘ການຖວາຍທິດາ’. ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ສໍາລັບຜູ້ທີ່ຖືວ່າການແຕ່ງງານຕັ້ງຢູ່ໄດ້ດ້ວຍຄ່າທໍານຽມ ຫຼືລາຄາຊື້ຂາຍເທົ່ານັ້ນ ບໍ່ມີຫຼັກຖານອັນໜ້າເຊື່ອຖືໃດໆມາຮັບຮອງຄໍາອ້າງຂອງເຂົາ. ຜູ້ທີ່ຍອມຮັບ ‘ການຊື້’ ແລະ ‘ຄ່າສິນສອດ’ ເປັນອໍານາດ ບໍ່ແມ່ນຜູ້ຮູ້ທຳມະ».
भीष्य उवाच
Educational Q&A
Marriage involving a daughter should be understood in the ethical frame of dāna (gift), not as a commercial transaction; treating it as purchase or fee-based undermines dharma and lacks true moral authority.
Bhishma is instructing on dharma and social conduct, rejecting the idea that a marriage is validated by payment (śulka/kraya) and affirming the culturally and morally recognized notion of kanyādāna (giving the maiden) as the proper understanding.