Shloka 32
स वत्सर: स ऋतुः सो<र्धमास: सोडहोरात्र: स कला वै स काष्ठा: । मात्रा मुहूर्ताश्च लवा: क्षणाश्र विष्वक्सेन: सर्वमेतत् प्रतीहि
sa vatsaraḥ sa ṛtuḥ so 'rdhamāsaḥ so 'harorātraḥ sa kalā vai sa kāṣṭhāḥ | mātrā muhūrtāś ca lavāḥ kṣaṇāś ca viśvaksenaḥ sarvam etat pratīhi ||
ພີດສະມະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ຈົ່ງຮູ້ໄວ້ວ່າ ພຣະເຈົ້າ—ວິສະວັກເສນ (Viśvaksena)—ແມ່ນທັງປີ ແລະ ລະດູການ; ແມ່ນທັງຄຶ່ງເດືອນ ແລະ ວົງຈອນກາງວັນ-ກາງຄືນ; ພຣະອົງແມ່ນກະລາ (kalā) ແລະ ກາສຖາ (kāṣṭhā), ພ້ອມທັງ ມາຕຣາ (mātrā), ມຸຫູຣຕະ (muhūrta), ລະວະ (lava), ແລະ ກະສະນະ (kṣaṇa). ຈົ່ງເຂົ້າໃຈວ່າ ມາດຕາວັດເວລາທັງປວງ ບໍ່ແມ່ນອື່ນໃດ ແຕ່ເປັນການປະກົດຮູບຂອງພຣະອົງເທົ່ານັ້ນ.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
All divisions of time—from the year down to the briefest instant—are to be contemplated as manifestations of the Supreme Lord (Viśvaksena). This frames time itself as sacred and governed by divine order, encouraging reverence and steady dharmic conduct within every moment.
In Bhishma’s instruction during the Anuśāsana Parva, he teaches a devotional-theological vision: the Lord pervades and constitutes the very structure by which beings measure life—seasons, days, and minute time-units—so the listener should recognize the divine presence in the flow of time.