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Shloka 1

Pratyakṣa–Āgama–Ācāra: Doubt, Proof, and the Practice of Dharma (प्रत्यक्ष–आगम–आचारविचारः)

(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठके १०६३ “लोक मिलाकर कुल २२१३ “लोक हैं) न#फ्जमआा न (0) आफजअत+- > यहाँ आचार्य नीलकण्ठके मतमें श्मशान शब्दसे काशीका महाश्मशान ही गृहीत होता है। इसीलिये वहाँ शवके दर्शनसे शिवके दर्शनका फल माना जाता है। - कुछ लोग दूध पीनेके समय बछड़ोंके मुँहमें लगे हुए फेनको ही वह अमृत मानते हैं

umovāca | deśeṣu ramaṇīyeṣu nadīnāṁ nirdariṣu ca | sravantīnāṁ nikuñjeṣu parvateṣu vaneṣu ca ||

ນາງອຸມາ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ຂ້າແຕ່ພຣະເຈົ້າ! ບັນດາມະຫາຕະມະ ຜູ້ຢູ່ປ່າ (ວານະປຣັສຖະ) ຜູ້ມີໃຈໝັ້ນຄົງ ແລະຮັກສາວຣະຕະດ້ວຍວິໄນ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃນດິນແດນອັນຮື່ນຮົມ—ຕາມຝັ່ງແມ່ນ້ຳອັນງາມ, ໃນຫວ່າງຫຸບເຂົາ ແລະໃກ້ນ້ຳຕົກ, ໃນພົງພຸ່ມຕາມຝັ່ງລຳທານທີ່ໄຫຼ, ເທິງພູ ແລະໃນປ່າ—ເລືອກສະຖານທີ່ບໍລິສຸດ ອຸດົມດ້ວຍໝາກໄມ້ ແລະຮາກໄມ້ ເພື່ອປະຕິບັດທັມ».

उमाUmā (Pārvatī)
उमा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउमा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
देशेषुin places/regions
देशेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदेश
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
रमणीयेषुin delightful/beautiful (ones)
रमणीयेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootरमणीय
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
नदीनाम्of rivers
नदीनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
निर्झरिषुat waterfalls/springs
निर्झरिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिर्झरि
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्रवन्तीनाम्of flowing (streams/rivers)
स्रवन्तीनाम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्रवत्
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural, Present active participle (शतृ)
निकुञ्जेषुin groves/arbors
निकुञ्जेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिकुञ्ज
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
पर्वतेषुon mountains
पर्वतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
वनेषुin forests
वनेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

श्रीमहेश्वर उवाच

U
Umā (Pārvatī)
M
Mahādeva/Śiva (implied addressee)
R
rivers (nadī)
R
ravines/gorges (nirdara)
F
flowing streams (sravantī)
G
groves/thickets (nikuñja)
M
mountains (parvata)
F
forests (vana)
V
vānaprastha (forest-dweller, implied by context)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames vānaprastha-dharma as disciplined, vow-based spiritual living supported by simple residence in pure natural settings—riverbanks, forests, mountains—where one can sustain oneself on fruits and roots and cultivate steadiness of mind.

In the Umā–Maheśvara dialogue, Umā begins describing (and implicitly inquiring about) the life-pattern of vow-observant forest-dwelling ascetics, noting the kinds of secluded, beautiful natural places they choose for their practice.