Shloka 53
Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption
प्राक् श्वा भवति राजेन्द्र तत: क्रव्यात्तत: खर: । ततः प्रेत: परिक्लिष्ट: पश्चाज्जायति ब्राह्मण:
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | prāk śvā bhavati rājendra tataḥ kravyāttataḥ kharaḥ | tataḥ pretaḥ parikliṣṭaḥ paścāj jāyati brāhmaṇaḥ ||
ຢຸທິສຖິຣ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ໂອ ພະຣາຊາເຈົ້າແຫ່ງພະຣາຊາ! ກ່ອນອື່ນເຂົາເກີດເປັນໝາ; ຕໍ່ມາເປັນຣາກສະ (rākṣasa) ຜູ້ກິນເນື້ອ; ແລ້ວເປັນລາ. ຫຼັງນັ້ນເມື່ອຕາຍໄປ ແລະເປັນເປຣຕະ (preta) ຜູ້ຖືກທໍລະມານ ທົນທຸກຫຼາຍປະການແລ້ວ ຈຶ່ງເກີດໃໝ່ໃນຄັນຂອງພຣາຫມະນ (brāhmaṇa).» ຄຳກອນນີ້ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນຄວາມໜັກໜ່ວງຂອງການລ່ວງເກີນອາຈານ ໂດຍບັນຍາຍລຳດັບການເກີດຕໍ່າ ແລະທຸກຂ໌ຫຼັງຄວາມຕາຍ ກ່ອນຈະກັບຄືນສູ່ການເກີດເປັນມະນຸດ (ພຣາຫມະນ).
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse teaches that disrespecting or harming one’s teacher (guru-aparādha) is a grave ethical violation with severe karmic consequences, leading to degrading births and suffering in the preta state before eventual return to human birth.
Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a king (likely Bhīṣma’s interlocutor contextually) and states a karmic sequence: a foolish disciple who offends his teacher is reborn successively as a dog, then a flesh-eating being, then a donkey; after death he suffers as a preta, and only afterward attains birth as a brāhmaṇa.