Shloka 48

Droṇa’s Ācārya-Dakṣiṇā: Capture of Drupada and Division of Pāñcāla (द्रोण-आचार्यदक्षिणा)

Devanagari script

ततो दुर्योधनस्तत्र हृदयेन हसन्निव | कृतकृत्यमिवात्मानं मन्यते पुरुषाधम:

Transliteration

tato duryodhanas tatra hṛdayena hasann iva | kṛtakṛtyam ivātmānaṃ manyate puruṣādhamaḥ ||

Translation

ແລ້ວທຸຣະໂຍທະນະ ຢູ່ທີ່ນັ້ນ ດັ່ງກັບຫົວເຮາະຢູ່ໃນໃຈ ໄດ້ຄິດວ່າຕົນໄດ້ສຳເລັດເປົ້າໝາຍແລ້ວ—ເປັນຄົນຕ່ຳຊ້າແທ້. ໃຈຂອງເຂົາແຫຼມຄົມດັ່ງມີດ ແຕ່ຄຳເວົ້າກັບຫວານດັ່ງນ້ຳອະມຣິດ. ເຂົາທຳທ່າເປັນພີ່ນ້ອງແທ້ ແລະເປັນມິດຜູ້ຫວັງດີ ຄອຍຕັກອາຫານຫຼາຍຢ່າງຖວາຍໃຫ້ພີມະເສນ. ພີມະເສນບໍ່ຮູ້ໂທດພິດໄພໃນອາຫານ ຈຶ່ງກິນໝົດທຸກຢ່າງທີ່ທຸຣະໂຍທະນະຕັກໃຫ້. ເຫັນດັ່ງນັ້ນ ທຸຣະໂຍທະນະຜູ້ຕ່ຳຊ້າ ກໍຫົວເຮາະຢູ່ໃນໃຈ ແລະຄິດວ່າຕົນໄດ້ກະທຳສຳເລັດແລ້ວ.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• हृदयेन: with (his) heart; inwardly
• हृदयेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृदय
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• हसन्: laughing
• Type: Verb
• Root: हस्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इव: as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• कृतकृत्यम्: one who has accomplished his purpose
• कृतकृत्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृतकृत्य
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इव: as if
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• आत्मानम्: himself
• आत्मानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• मन्यते: thinks, considers
• Type: Verb
• Root: मन्
• Form: Lat (Present), Atmanepada, Third, Singular

• पुरुषाधमः: the vilest of men
• पुरुषाधमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषाधम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse condemns inner malice concealed beneath outward propriety: a person may appear courteous, yet if the heart delights in harming others, that hidden intention marks ethical baseness (adharma).

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana describes Duryodhana’s inner state at that moment: he secretly laughs to himself and feels his plan has succeeded, revealing his deceitful satisfaction despite any outward show of friendliness.