Shloka 28

Āvāhāryaka-Śrāddha: Qualifications of Recipients, Paṅkti-Pāvana, and Exclusions

Devanagari script

अपि विद्याकुलैर्युक्ता हीनवृत्ता नराधमाः / यत्रैते भुञ्जते हव्यं तद् भवेदासुर द्विजाः

Transliteration

api vidyākulairyuktā hīnavṛttā narādhamāḥ / yatraite bhuñjate havyaṃ tad bhavedāsura dvijāḥ

Translation

ເຖິງແມ່ນວ່າຈະມີຄວາມຮູ້, ແຕ່ຜູ້ທີ່ມີຄວາມປະພຶດຊົ່ວຊ້າ ຍ່ອມກາຍເປັນພາມຜູ້ມີຈິດໃຈຍັກມານ. ບ່ອນໃດທີ່ຄົນເຫລົ່ານີ້ກິນເຄື່ອງບູຊາ, ພິທີນັ້ນຖືວ່າເປັນຂອງພວກອະສູນ.

Word by Word

• अपि: even if
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/अपेक्षा-निपात (even/also)

• विद्या-कुलैः: with lineages of learning
• विद्या-कुलैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्या (प्रातिपदिक) + कुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (vidyāyāḥ kulāni = families/lineages of learning); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• युक्ताः: endowed/connected
• युक्ताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle/क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• हीन-वृत्ताः: of low conduct
• हीन-वृत्ताः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हीन (प्रातिपदिक) + वृत्त (प्रातिपदिक; √वृत् + क्त)
• Form: कर्मधारय (hīnā vṛttiḥ yeṣām/ hīna-vṛttāḥ = of base conduct); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• नर-अधमाः: worst of men
• नर-अधमाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नर (प्रातिपदिक) + अधम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय (adhamaḥ naraḥ); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• यत्र: where
• यत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक अव्यय (relative adverb: where)

• एते: these (people)
• एते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• भुञ्जते: eat/enjoy
• भुञ्जते: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; आत्मनेपद

• हव्यम्: oblation
• हव्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तत्: that (place)
• तत्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; निर्देश (that place/that)

• भवेत्: would become
• भवेत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• आसुरम्: demonic
• आसुरम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आसुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण

• द्विजाः: O twice-born (Brahmins)
• द्विजाः: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन/प्रथमा (Vocative/Nominative), बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे (address)

Speaker

Traditional narration in the Kurma Purana’s dharma-teaching context (instructional voice attributed to the Purana’s main discourse, commonly framed through Suta/Vyasa-style narration)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

More Details (4 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

Indirectly: it stresses that spiritual standing is grounded in dharmic conduct rather than mere learning or birth—purity of life is the practical basis for realizing higher truth, including Atman-knowledge.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

No specific technique is named; the verse emphasizes yama-like ethical foundations (purity, right conduct) as prerequisites—without which ritual and spiritual practice become ‘āsura’ in effect.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

It presents a shared puranic ethic central to both Shaiva and Vaishnava paths: inner conduct determines spiritual legitimacy, aligning ritual life and devotion with dharma rather than sectarian identity.