Brahma Purana — The Two Vedic Paths: Karma, Knowledge, and the Inner Self (Adhyatma), Shloka 20
Devanagari script
सचेतनं जीवगुणं वदन्ति स चेष्टते जीवगुणं च सर्वम् ततः परं क्षेत्रविदो वदन्ति प्रकल्पयन्तो भुवनानि सप्त
Translation
ຂໍ້ນີ້ມີແຕ່ເລກ «20» ໂດຍບໍ່ມີຂໍ້ຄວາມສັນສະກຣິດ ຈຶ່ງບໍ່ສາມາດແປຄວາມໄດ້.
Word by Word
sa-cetanamconscious
sa-cetanam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (प्रातिपदिक/उपसर्गार्थ ‘with’) + cetana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound (तत्पुरुष) ‘with consciousness’; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन), agreeing with jīvaguṇam
jīva-guṇamthe quality/attribute of the jīva
jīva-guṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjīva (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
vadantithey say
vadanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
saḥhe/that
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
ceṣṭateacts / makes effort
ceṣṭate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootceṣṭ (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
jīva-guṇamthe jīva-quality
jīva-guṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjīva (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)
sarvamall
sarvam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); agreeing with implied object/totality
tataḥthereafter / from that
tataḥ:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय)
FormAblatival adverb (ततः), indicating sequence/source
parambeyond / higher
param:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); used substantively ‘the beyond’
kṣetra-vidaḥknowers of the field
kṣetra-vidaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣetra (प्रातिपदिक) + vid (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
vadantithey say
vadanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvad (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
prakalpayantaḥarranging / constructing
prakalpayantaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+kalp (धातु) → prakalpayat (शतृ-कृदन्त)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); agreeing with kṣetravidaḥ
bhuvanāniworlds
bhuvanāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbhuvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
saptaseven
sapta:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
FormNumeral adjective (संख्यावाचक), indeclinable-like; here qualifying bhuvanāni (Accusative plural sense)
Speaker
General doctrinal voice reporting views (‘they say…’); continues into Vyāsa’s explicit speech in v.21