Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya–Yoga on the Great Self: Sense-Control, Inner Vision, and Liberation, Shloka 4

Devanagari script

तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण सर्वत्यागेन मेधया सांख्ये वा यदि वा योग एतत् पृष्टो वदस्व नः //

Translation

ຂໍ້ນີ້ມີແຕ່ເລກ «4» ໂດຍບໍ່ມີຂໍ້ຄວາມສັນສະກຣິດ; ຈຶ່ງບໍ່ສາມາດແປຄວາມໝາຍໄດ້.

Word by Word

• tapasā: by austerity
• tapasā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental, 3rd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• brahmacaryeṇa: by celibacy/discipline
• brahmacaryeṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahmacarya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental, 3rd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• sarva-tyāgena: by total renunciation
• sarva-tyāgena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक) + tyāga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Karmadhāraya-samāsa: sarva-tyāga ‘complete renunciation’; Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental, 3rd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• medhayā: by intelligence
• medhayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: medhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (Feminine), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental, 3rd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• sāṃkhye: in Sāṃkhya
• sāṃkhye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sāṃkhya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter), Saptamī vibhakti (Locative, 7th), Ekavacana (Singular)

• vā: or
• vā: Vikalpa (विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, Vikalpa (disjunctive ‘or’)

• yadi: if
• yadi: Nimitta (निमित्त)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yadi (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, Conditional particle (‘if’)

• vā: or
• vā: Vikalpa (विकल्प)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: vā (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, Vikalpa (disjunctive ‘or’)

• yoge: in Yoga
• yoge: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yoga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Saptamī vibhakti (Locative, 7th), Ekavacana (Singular)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (Pronoun), Napuṃsakaliṅga (Neuter), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative, 2nd), Ekavacana (Singular)

• pṛṣṭaḥ: (you) having been asked
• pṛṣṭaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pṛṣṭa (कृदन्त; √prach धातु)
• Form: Kta participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative, 1st), Ekavacana (Singular); ‘having been asked’ (passive sense) referring to the addressee

• vadasva: speak; tell
• vadasva: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vad (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ lakāra (Imperative), Madhyama puruṣa (2nd person), Ekavacana (Singular), Ātmanepada

• naḥ: to us
• naḥ: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma (Pronoun), Caturthī vibhakti (Dative, 4th), Bahuvacana (Plural)

Speaker

• Sages questioning Vyāsa