Verse 18

Parabrahma

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

बहिरन्तश्चोपवीती विप्रः संन्यस्तुमर्हति । एकयज्ञोपवीती तु नैव संन्यस्तुमर्हति ॥१८॥

Padapatha (Word Split)

बहिः । अन्तः । च । उपवीती । विप्रः । संन्यस्तुम् । अर्हति । एक-यज्ञ-उपवीती । तु । न । एव । संन्यस्तुम् । अर्हति ॥१८॥

IAST Transliteration

bahir antaś copavītī vipraḥ saṃnyastum arhati | ekayajñopavītī tu naiva saṃnyastum arhati ||18||

Translation

ಬಾಹ್ಯವಾಗಿಯೂ ಆಂತರವಾಗಿಯೂ ಉಪವೀತಧಾರಿಯಾದ ವಿಪ್ರನು ಸಂನ್ಯಾಸಕ್ಕೆ ಅರ್ಹನು. ಆದರೆ ಕೇವಲ ಒಂದೇ ಯಜ್ಞೋಪವೀತವನ್ನು ಧರಿಸುವವನು ಸಂನ್ಯಾಸಕ್ಕೆ ಎಂದಿಗೂ ಅರ್ಹನಲ್ಲ.

Academic Translation

The vipra who is ‘wearing the upavīta’ both outwardly and inwardly is fit to renounce. But one who wears only a single yajñopavīta is not at all fit to renounce.

Verse Context

• Saṃnyāsa-adhikāra; inner qualification (jñāna/vairāgya) over external marks
• Mahavakya: Indirect: readiness for renunciation is grounded in assimilated knowledge of Ātman=Brahman (the lived import of Mahāvākyas).
• Atharva
• Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (śloka)