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Rig Veda 10.71.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 71, Mantra 1

Sukta 10.71

Devata: Bṛhaspati (lord of inspired speech and vastness)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; RV 10.71 is a famous Vāc hymn often in Triṣṭubh)

बृहस्पते प्रथमं वाचो अग्रं यत्प्रैरत नामधेयं दधानाः । यदेषां श्रेष्ठं यदरिप्रमासीत्प्रेणा तदेषां निहितं गुहाविः ॥

bṛ́haspate prathamáṃ vā́co ágraṃ yát prā́irata nā́ma-dhéyaṃ dádhānāḥ | yád eṣā́ṃ śréṣṭhaṃ yád arí-pram āsī́t preṇā́ tád eṣā́ṃ níhitaṃ guhā́ āvíḥ ||

ಓ ಬೃಹಸ್ಪತೇ, ಅವರು ವಾಣಿಯ ಅಗ್ರಭಾಗವನ್ನು ಮೊದಲು ಪ್ರೇರೇಪಿಸಿ, ನಾಮಧೇಯವನ್ನು ಸ್ಥಾಪಿಸಿದಾಗ—ಅವರಲ್ಲಿ ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠವಾದುದು, ದೋಷರಹಿತವಾದುದು, ಆತ್ಮಪ್ರೇರಣೆಯಿಂದ: ಅದೇ ಗುಹೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ನಿಹಿತವಾಗಿದ್ದು ಪ್ರಕಾಶವಾಯಿತು.

बृहस्पतेO Bṛhaspati
बृहस्पते:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (proper/title)
Rootबृहस्पति- (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रथमम्first; at first
प्रथमम्:
कर्म (क्रियाविशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective (used adverbially)
Rootप्रथम- (प्रातिपदिक)
वाचःof speech
वाचः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्- (स्त्री; प्रातिपदिक)
अग्रम्the foremost point; beginning
अग्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्which
यत्:
कर्म (यद्-सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth; forward
प्र:
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग)
ऐरत्he set in motion; he impelled
ऐरत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootईर्/इर् (धातु; ‘to set in motion, impel’)
नामधेयम्a name; appellation
नामधेयम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनामधेय- (प्रातिपदिक)
दधानाःplacing; bestowing; establishing
दधानाः:
कर्तृ (कर्तरि कृदन्तः)
TypeParticiple
Rootधा (धातु) → दधाना- (वर्तमान कृदन्त, शतृ/शानच्)
यत्that which
यत्:
कर्म/विषय
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एषाम्of these (people)
एषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
श्रेष्ठम्the best (thing)
श्रेष्ठम्:
कर्म/विषय
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootश्रेष्ठ- (प्रातिपदिक)
यत्that which
यत्:
कर्म/विषय
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अरिप्रम्free from harm/hostility; uninjured (lit. not ‘enemy-hurt’)
अरिप्रम्:
विषय (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअरि- + प्रम- (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समासः)
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु ‘to be’)
प्रेणाby impulse; by prompting
प्रेणा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootप्रेण- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘impulse, incitement, prompting’)
तत्that
तत्:
कर्म/विषय
TypePronoun (demonstrative)
Rootतद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
निहितम्placed; deposited; hidden
निहितम्:
कर्म/विषय
TypeParticiple
Rootनि + धा (धातु) → निहित- (भूतकृदन्त, क्त)
गुहाविःin the cave; within concealment (lit. ‘cave-enclosure’)
गुहाविः:
अधिकारण (स्थाने/अन्तः)
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootगुहा + अवि/अव्? (प्रातिपदिक; समासः)

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