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Rig Veda 1.166.12: Mandala 1, Sukta 166, Mantra 12

Sukta 1.166

Rishi: Agastya (traditional attribution for RV 1.165–1.191, including Marut hymns in this section)
Devata: Maruts (primary); Indra referenced as corroborating power
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 1.166; verse-length and cadence align with Triṣṭubh norms)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

तद्वः सुजाता मरुतो महित्वनं दीर्घं वो दात्रमदितेरिव व्रतम् । इन्द्रश्चन त्यजसा वि ह्रुणाति तज्जनाय यस्मै सुकृते अराध्वम् ॥

Transliteration

tád vaḥ sujātā maruto mahitvánam dī́rghaṃ vo dātrám áditeḥ iva vratám | índraś caná tyájasā ví hruṇāti tád jánāya yásmai sukṛ́te arā́dhvam ||

Translation

ಹೇ ಸುಜಾತ ಮರುತರೆ, ಆ ಮಹಿಮೆಯು ನಿಮ್ಮದೇ; ನಿಮ್ಮ ದಾತ್ರ (ದಾನ) ದೀರ್ಘಕಾಲ ಸ್ಥಿರ—ಅದಿತಿಯ ವ್ರತದಂತೆ ಅಚಲ ನಿಯಮ. ಇಂದ್ರನೂ ಸಹ ಬಲದಿಂದ ಅದನ್ನು ತ್ಯಜಿಸಲಾರನು; ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ಸುಕೃತ ಮಾಡುವ ಜನನಿಗೆ ಅದನ್ನು ಪ್ರಾಪ್ಯಮಾಡಿರಿ—ನಿಮ್ಮ ಪರಿಣಾಮಕಾರಿ ಸಹಾಯವನ್ನು ಅವನಿಗೆ ದಯಪಾಲಿಸಿರಿ.

Word by Word
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (इन्द्रश्चन ... वि ह्रुणाति—‘तत्’ इति) / (सम्बन्धः—‘तत् ... महित्वनम्’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वःof you / for you
वः:
सम्बन्ध/सम्प्रदान (you/for you)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
सुजाताwell-born, noble-born
सुजाता:
सम्बोधन
TypeAdjective (vocative) / Epithet
Rootसु-जाता (जन् √जन् ‘to be born’ + सु-)
मरुतःO Maruts
मरुतः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
महित्वनम्greatness, majesty
महित्वनम्:
Karma (दा- ‘to give’—‘महित्वनम्’ दात्रम्) / विधेय-वस्तु
TypeNoun
Rootमहित्वन (महित्व ‘greatness’ + -न)
दीर्घम्long, far-reaching
दीर्घम्:
Karma-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootदीर्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
वःyour / for you
वः:
सम्बन्ध/सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
दात्रम्gift, giving
दात्रम्:
Karma (दा- implied: ‘(अस्माभिः) दात्रम्’)
TypeNoun
Rootदात्र (√दा ‘to give’ → दात्र ‘giver/gift’; here ‘gift’)
अदितेःof Aditi
अदितेः:
सम्बन्ध (व्रतम्—अदितेः)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootअदिति (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
उपमान-सम्बन्ध
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
व्रतम्ordinance, sacred law
व्रतम्:
Karma (दात्रम् ... व्रतम्—उपमेय/उपमान-संयोग) / (तत् ... व्रतम्) वस्तु
TypeNoun
Rootव्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā (वि ह्रुणाति)
TypeNoun (proper)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
चनeven
चन:
निपात (बलवर्धन)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचन (Vedic particle)
त्यजसाwith driving force, by impetuosity
त्यजसा:
Karaṇa (वि ह्रुणाति—‘by/with force’)
TypeNoun
Rootत्यजस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘force/impulse’, from √त्यज् ‘to leave/abandon’ with -as)
विapart, asunder
वि:
क्रियाविशेषक
TypePreverb
Rootवि
ह्रुणातिstrikes down / drives away
ह्रुणाति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ह्रु (Vedic; ‘to hurt/strike/drive off’, class I)
तत्that
तत्:
Karma (अरा॑ध्वम्—‘तत्’ इति) / (यत्-सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जनायfor the people / for the man
जनाय:
Sampradāna (for the man/people) / प्रयोजन
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
यस्मैto whom
यस्मै:
Sampradāna (to whom) / सम्बन्ध (यः ... तस्मै)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
सुकृतेfor merit / for the well-doing
सुकृते:
Sampradāna (for good deed/merit) / हेतु-भाव
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसु-कृत (√कृ ‘to do’ + सु-; ‘well-done, merit’)
अरा॑ध्वम्propitiate, win (him/that)
अरा॑ध्वम्:
क्रिया (आह्वान/आज्ञा—‘propitiate/serve’)
TypeVerb
Root√राध् (to succeed, to please, to propitiate) with preverb आ-
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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