Valmiki Ramayana 2.72.45: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 72, Shloka 45

भरतस्य मातृसदनगमनं कैकेय्या दारुणवृत्तान्तकथनं च

Bharata in Kaikeyi’s apartments: revelation of Daśaratha’s death and Rāma’s exile

Devanagari script

कच्चिन्न परदारान्वा राजपुत्रोऽभिमन्यते।कस्मात्स दण्डकारण्ये भ्रूणहेव विवासितः।।2.72.45।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.72.45

Transliteration

kaccin na paradārān vā rājaputro 'bhimanyate | kasmāt sa daṇḍakāraṇye bhrūṇahā iva vivāsitaḥ || 2.72.45 ||

Translation

ರಾಜಪುತ್ರನು ಪರಸ್ತ್ರೀಯನ್ನು ಕಾಮಿಸಲಿಲ್ಲವಲ್ಲ? ಹಾಗಾದರೆ ದಂಡಕಾರಣ್ಯಕ್ಕೆ ಅವನನ್ನು ಭ್ರೂಣಹಂತಕನಂತೆ ಏಕೆ ನಿರ್ವಾಸಿತನಾಗಿಸಲಾಯಿತು?

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Word by Word

• कच्चित्: I hope (not)
• कच्चित्: निपात
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कच्चित् (अव्यय)
• Form: सम्भावन/प्रश्नार्थक निपात

• न: not
• न: निषेध
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• परदारान्: others' wives
• परदारान्: कर्म (object of ‘अभिमन्यते’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर + दारा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; समासः परेषां दारान् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)

• वा: or
• वा: विकल्प
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वा (अव्यय)
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय

• राजपुत्रः: the prince
• राजपुत्रः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः राज्ञः पुत्रः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)

• अभिमन्यते: covets, desires
• अभिमन्यते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + मन् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; अर्थः ‘to desire/covet, to think of as one’s own’

• कस्मात्: why, from what reason
• कस्मात्: हेतु (cause-question)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचन रूपेण प्रश्नार्थक-अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः (interrogative: from what cause/why)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्ता (of implied ‘विवासितः’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• दण्डकारण्ये: in the Dandaka forest
• दण्डकारण्ये: अधिकरण (location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्डक + अरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; समासः दण्डकानाम् अरण्ये (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः)

• भ्रूणहा: a foetus-slayer
• भ्रूणहा: उपमान (standard of comparison)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रूण + हन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः भ्रूणं हन्ति इति (उपपद-तत्पुरुषः)

• इव: like
• इव: उपमा (comparison marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमावाचक-अव्यय (comparative particle)

• विवासितः: was banished
• विवासितः: क्रिया (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + वस् (धातु) + णिच्? (causative sense) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि अर्थः: ‘banished/made to dwell away’ (passive participle)

Context

Then the capricious mother, with the same feminine disposition which she haddisplayed earlier, started giving a faithful account of all her deeds.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Kaikeyī
• Rāma
• Daṇḍakāraṇya (Daṇḍaka forest)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Punishment must match wrongdoing; exile is portrayed as appropriate only for grave adharma, so Bharata questions how such a penalty could apply to righteous Rāma.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata confronts Kaikeyī, trying to understand what alleged fault could justify Rāma’s banishment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s moral discernment and insistence on justice aligned with dharma.