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Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 51, Shloka 18

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकपञ्चाशः सर्गः — Guha’s Vigil and Lakṣmaṇa’s Lament

Night on the riverbank

विनष्टे नृपतौ पश्चात्कौसल्या विनशिष्यति।अनन्तरं च माताऽपि मम नाशमुपैष्यति।।।।

vinaṣṭe nṛpatau paścāt kausalyā vinaśiṣyati | anantaraṃ ca mātā api mama nāśam upaiṣyati ||

ನೃಪತಿ ನಾಶವಾದ ಬಳಿಕ ಕೌಸಲ್ಯೆಯೂ ನಾಶವಾಗುವಳು; ಅದರ ನಂತರ ನನ್ನ ತಾಯಿಯೂ ಸಹ ನಾಶವನ್ನು ಹೊಂದುವಳು.

विनष्टेwhen (he) has died
विनष्टे:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative absolute)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-naś (धातु)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त/PPP), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग); 'when (he) has perished'
नृपतौin/when the king
नृपतौ:
अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Locative absolute)
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
सम्बन्ध/काल (Temporal relation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक/क्रमवाचक (temporal adverb)
कौसल्याKausalya
कौसल्या:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकौसल्या (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
विनशिष्यतिwill perish
विनशिष्यति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootvi-naś (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
अनन्तरम्thereafter
अनन्तरम्:
सम्बन्ध/काल (Temporal relation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाववत् प्रयोग; क्रमवाचक अव्यय (adverb: immediately after)
and
:
समुच्चय (Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)
माताmother
माता:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
अपिalso
अपि:
सम्बन्ध (Particle/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अपि = 'also/even' (particle)
ममmy
मम:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
नाशम्destruction
नाशम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootनाश (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
उपैष्यतिwill attain/meet
उपैष्यति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootउप-इ (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple future), परस्मैपद, 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Past is past (irreversible). My father, brooding over his desire of installing Rama as king unfulfilled, will perish.

D
Daśaratha
K
Kausalyā
S
Sumitrā (implied by 'my mother' if speaker is Lakṣmaṇa; ambiguous in snippet)

FAQs

Family dharma is interconnected: when adharma destabilizes the household and throne, suffering cascades through the innocent.

The speaker anticipates a chain of deaths in the royal family following the king’s demise.

Protective concern for elders and mothers—seeing beyond oneself to the vulnerable.