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Shloka 19

दूषणवधः

The Slaying of Dūṣaṇa and the Rout of Khara’s Host

दृष्ट्वैवापततस्तूर्णं राघवस्सायकैश्शितैः।।।।तीक्ष्णाग्रैः प्रतिजग्राह सम्प्राप्तानतिथीनिव।

dṛṣṭvaivāpatatas tūrṇaṃ rāghavaḥ sāyakaiḥ śitaiḥ |

tīkṣṇāgraiḥ pratijagrāha samprāptān atithīn iva ||

ಅವರು ವೇಗವಾಗಿ ಧಾವಿಸುತ್ತಿರುವುದನ್ನು ಕಂಡು, ರಾಘವನು ತೀಕ್ಷ್ಣಾಗ್ರ ಶಿತ ಬಾಣಗಳಿಂದ ತಕ್ಷಣವೇ ಅವರನ್ನು ಎದುರಿಸಿದನು—ಬಂದ ಅತಿಥಿಗಳನ್ನು ಸತ್ಕಾರದಿಂದ ಸ್ವೀಕರಿಸುವಂತೆ.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund); ‘having seen’
एवindeed, just
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारणार्थक अव्यय (emphatic particle)
आपततःof the attacker rushing in
आपततः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeVerb
Rootआ+पत् (धातु)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (Present active participle); षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; ‘of the one who was rushing/attacking’
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाववत्)
Formक्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb)
राघवःRāghava (Rāma)
राघवः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराघव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
सायकैःwith arrows
सायकैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसायक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
शितैःsharp
शितैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (सायकैः)
तीक्ष्णाग्रैःwith sharp-pointed (ones)
तीक्ष्णाग्रैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootतीक्ष्ण+अग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; समासः तीक्ष्णम् अग्रं येषाम् (कर्मधारय); विशेषणम् (सायकैः)
प्रतिजग्राहreceived, welcomed
प्रतिजग्राह:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति+ग्रह् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन
सम्प्राप्तान्those who had arrived
सम्प्राप्तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+प्र+आप् (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (Past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; ‘arrived’
अतिथीन्guests
अतिथीन्:
Upamana (उपमान)
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
इवlike
इव:
Upama-sambandha (उपमा-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमावाचक अव्यय (comparative particle ‘like/as’)

On seeing them rushing to attack him with sharp weapons, Rama received them quickly with pointed arrows as though they were guests.

R
Rāma
S
sāyaka (arrows)
A
atithi (guest) (simile)

FAQs

Maryādā and mastery: even in combat, Rāma’s response is framed through the cultural ethic of ‘receiving’—orderly, deliberate, and appropriate to the moment.

As the three commanders charge, Rāma immediately counters with volleys of sharp arrows.

Presence of mind and disciplined skill—swift action aligned with duty, not rage.