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Shloka 2

Adhyaya 79The Vaivasvata Manvantara: Classes of Devas, the Seven Sages, and Manu’s Nine Sons

आदित्या वसवो रुद्रा विज्ञेयाः कश्यपात्मजाः ।

साध्याश्च मरुतो विश्वे धर्मपुत्रगणास्त्रयः ॥

ādityā vasavo rudrā vijñeyāḥ kaśyapātmajāḥ | sādhyāś ca maruto viśve dharma-putra-gaṇās trayaḥ ||

ಆದಿತ್ಯರು, ವಸುಗಳು, ರುದ್ರರು—ಇವರು ಕಶ್ಯಪನ ಪುತ್ರರೆಂದು ತಿಳಿಯಬೇಕು. ಸಾಧ್ಯರು, ಮರುತರು, ವಿಶ್ವೇದೇವರು—ಇವರು ಧರ್ಮನ ಪುತ್ರರ ಮೂರು ಗಣಗಳು.

आदित्याःthe Ādityas
आदित्याः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootआदित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)
वसवःthe Vasus
वसवः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootवसु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
रुद्राःthe Rudras
रुद्राः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
विज्ञेयाःare to be known (as)
विज्ञेयाः:
Karta-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + ज्ञा (धातु) → विज्ञेय (कृदन्त, तव्यत्/यत्-प्रत्यय)
Formकृदन्त-विशेषण (verbal adjective), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; भावः—‘ज्ञातव्याः’ (to be known)
कश्यप-आत्मजाःsons of Kaśyapa
कश्यप-आत्मजाः:
Karta-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानाधिकरण/Apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootकश्यप (प्रातिपदिक) + आत्मज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): ‘कश्यपस्य आत्मजाः’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
साध्याःthe Sādhyas
साध्याः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसाध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
मरुतःthe Maruts
मरुतः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (वैकल्पिक-रूप; सामान्यतः ‘मरुतः/मरुतः’)
विश्वेthe Viśvedevas
विश्वे:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; देवगण-नाम (Viśvedevas)
धर्म-पुत्र-गणाःthe groups of Dharma’s sons
धर्म-पुत्र-गणाः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक) + गण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative): ‘धर्मस्य पुत्राणां गणाः’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसंख्याविशेषण (numeral adjective), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन
Mārkaṇḍeya (continuing enumeration)
KaśyapaDharmaĀdityasVasusRudrasSādhyasMarutsViśvedevas
CosmologyGenealogyManvantaraDeva lineages

FAQs

Lineage language here conveys metaphysical dependence: cosmic functions arise from deeper principles (Kaśyapa/Dharma), reminding humans that duty and order have antecedent causes and should be honored.

Sarga + Manvantara: it blends creation-lineage (sarga-style parentage of classes) with manvantara administration (who the devas are in a given age).

Kaśyapa often symbolizes ‘all-containing’ generativity, while Dharma signifies normative order; the verse encodes that power (devas) must be rooted in containment and righteousness.