Markandeya Purana — Adhyaya 77, Shloka 37

Adhyaya 77 — Sanjna’s Withdrawal from Surya: The Birth of Yama and Yamuna, and the Emergence of Chhaya

Sanskrit

ततः स पूजयामास तदा त्रैलोक्यपूजितम् ।

भास्वन्तं परया भक्त्या निजगेहमुपागतम् ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ sa pūjayāmāsa tadā trailokya-pūjitam / bhāsvantaṃ parayā bhaktyā nija-geham upāgatam

Translation

ಆಗ (ತ್ವಷ್ಟೃ) ತನ್ನ ಮನೆಗೆ ಬಂದ ತ್ರೈಲೋಕ್ಯಪೂಜ್ಯ ತೇಜಸ್ವಿ ಸೂರ್ಯನನ್ನು ಪರಮಭಕ್ತಿಯಿಂದ ಪೂಜಿಸಿದನು.

Word by Word

• tataḥ: then
• tataḥ: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tataḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: अनन्तर-अव्यय (then)

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• pūjayāmāsa: honoured/worshipped
• pūjayāmāsa: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pūj (पूज्-धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Periphrastic perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• tadā: at that time
• tadā: Kāla (काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (then/at that time)

• trailokya-pūjitam: worshipped by the three worlds
• trailokya-pūjitam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tri (त्रि) + loka (लोक) + pūjita (पूजित, √pūj धातु, क्त)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (त्रैलोक्यस्य पूजितः); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• bhāsvantam: Bhāsvān (the Sun)
• bhāsvantam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhāsvat (भास्वत्-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• parayā: with supreme
• parayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (पर-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (superlative sense: highest)

• bhaktyā: devotion
• bhaktyā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhakti (भक्ति-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• nija-geham: his own house
• nija-geham: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nija (निज-प्रातिपदिक) + geha (गेह-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• upāgatam: who had come/arrived
• upāgatam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: upa-ā-gam (उप+आ+गम्-धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त-क्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (to bhāsvantam)

Speakers

• Narrative voice

Primary Deities

• Sūrya
• Tvaṣṭṛ/Viśvakarman

Key Themes

• Atithi-satkara (hospitality)
• Devotion
• Cosmic hierarchy and reverence

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even the powerful are to be received with humility and proper honor; reverence (bhakti) is shown as the correct mode of approaching divine power.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita context within Manvantara narration; the episode explains conditions shaping divine lineages.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Three-world worship’ hints that solar consciousness pervades all planes; honoring it properly allows it to be ‘recrafted’ without hostility.