Shloka 2

Adhyaya 47 — Bharata-varsha

Sanskrit

मार्कण्डेय उवाच—

कथयाम्येष ते ब्रह्मन् ससर्ज भगवान् यथा ।

लोककृत् शाश्वतः कृत्स्नं जगत् स्थावरजङ्गमम् ॥

Transliteration

mārkaṇḍeya uvāca kathayāmy eṣa te brahman sasarja bhagavān yathā / lokakṛc chāśvataḥ kṛtsnaṃ jagat sthāvarajaṅgamam

Translation

ಮಾರ್ಕಂಡೇಯನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ಓ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣ, ನಿತ್ಯ ಲೋಕಕರ್ತನಾದ ಭಗವಾನ್ ಸ್ಥಾವರ-ಜಂಗಮಗಳನ್ನೊಳಗೊಂಡ ಸಮಗ್ರ ವಿಶ್ವವನ್ನು ಹೇಗೆ ಸೃಷ್ಟಿಸಿದನು ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ನಾನು ನಿನಗೆ ಹೇಳುವೆನು।

Word by Word

• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Mārkaṇḍeya
• mārkaṇḍeyaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mārkaṇḍeya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• kathayāmi: I narrate/I will tell
• kathayāmi: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: kathaya (धातु; कथयति-गण)
• Form: लट् (present), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन

• eṣaḥ: this (I)
• eṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• te: to you/for you
• te: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/चतुर्थी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थी (4th case/dative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (enclitic)

• brahman: O Brahmin/O venerable one
• brahman: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन

• sasarja: created
• sasarja: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sṛj (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

• bhagavān: the Lord
• bhagavān: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन

• yathā: as/how
• yathā: Adverbial/Connector (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: yathā (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, प्रकार/सम्बन्धवाचक (as/how)

• lokakṛt: creator of the world
• lokakṛt: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: loka + kṛt (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case/nominative), एकवचन; समास: लोक + कृत् (‘maker of the world’)

• śāśvataḥ: eternal
• śāśvataḥ: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śāśvata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; विशेषण

• kṛtsnam: entire/whole
• kṛtsnam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṛtsna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case/accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण

• jagat: world/universe
• jagat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jagat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case/accusative), एकवचन

• sthāvara-jaṅgamam: (both) immobile and mobile
• sthāvara-jaṅgamam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sthāvara + jaṅgama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case/accusative), एकवचन; द्वन्द्वसमास (itaretara): स्थावर + जङ्गम

Speakers

• Mārkaṇḍeya to Krauṣṭuki

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Brahmā (implied as creator in the discourse)
• Nārāyaṇa/Viṣṇu (soon invoked as underlying principle)

Key Themes

• Sarga (creation)
• Cosmology
• Classification of beings

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

The world is portrayed as an ordered totality (‘kṛtsnaṃ jagat’), inviting a dharmic attitude: one’s actions should harmonize with a structured cosmos, not merely personal desire.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Directly ‘Sarga’: narration of the origination of the manifested world, including categorical division into moving and unmoving beings.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Sthāvara–jaṅgama’ can be read inwardly as the stable and the restless in consciousness; creation is the arising of both stillness-forms and movement-forms from a single source.