Shloka 33

Adhyaya 45 — Jaimini’s Cosmological Questions and the Opening of Markandeya’s Account of Primary Creation

Sanskrit

ध्रुवमक्षय्यमजरममेयं नान्यसंश्रयम् ।

गन्धरूपरसैर्हीनं शब्दस्पर्शविवर्जितम् ॥

Transliteration

dhruvam akṣayyam ajaram ameyaṃ nānya-saṃśrayam |

gandha-rūpa-rasair hīnaṃ śabda-sparśa-vivarjitam ||

Translation

ಅದು ಸ್ಥಿರ, ಅಜರ, ಅವಿನಾಶಿ, ಅಪರಿಮೇಯ, ಮತ್ತಾವುದರ ಮೇಲೂ ಅವಲಂಬಿತವಲ್ಲ; ಗಂಧ-ರೂಪ-ರಸವಿಲ್ಲದೆ, ಶಬ್ದ-ಸ್ಪರ್ಶಗಳಿಂದಲೂ ಮುಕ್ತವಾಗಿದೆ.

Word by Word

• ध्रुवम्: fixed/constant
• ध्रुवम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ध्रुव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• अक्षय्यम्: imperishable
• अक्षय्यम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्षि (धातु) → क्षय्य (कृदन्त) with negation अ-
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वक क्तव्य/यत्-प्रत्ययान्त: ‘not liable to decay’

• अजरम्: ageless
• अजरम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जर (प्रातिपदिक) with negation अ-
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नञ्-समासार्थ (non-aging)

• अमेयम्: immeasurable
• अमेयम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मा (धातु) → मेय (कृदन्त) with negation अ-
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; नञ्-पूर्वक क्तव्य/यत्-प्रत्ययान्त: ‘not measurable/immeasurable’

• न: not
• न: निषेध (Niṣedha/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)

• अन्य-संश्रयम्: dependent on another (negated: not dependent)
• अन्य-संश्रयम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक) + संश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास: ‘अन्यः संश्रयः यस्य’ = ‘dependent on another’ (negated by न)

• गन्ध-रूप-रसैः: with smell, form, and taste
• गन्ध-रूप-रसैः: करण/हेतु (Karaṇa/Hetu)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्ध (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक) + रस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (रस-प्रधान) / समाहार-द्वन्द्वे नपुंसकसम्भव; तृतीया (3rd), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व-समास: ‘गन्धश्च रूपं च रसश्च’

• हीनम्: devoid (of)
• हीनम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हीन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘devoid of’ (takes instrumental)

• शब्द-स्पर्श-विवर्जितम्: devoid of sound and touch
• शब्द-स्पर्श-विवर्जितम्: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शब्द (प्रातिपदिक) + स्पर्श (प्रातिपदिक) + विवर्जित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास: ‘शब्दस्पर्शयोः विवर्जितम्’ (devoid of sound and touch); विवर्जित = वि-√वृज्/वर्ज् (धातु) क्त

Speakers

• Narrator-speaker describing the avyakta/pradhāna in apophatic (negating) terms

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Apophatic description
• Beyond tanmātras/sense qualities
• Unmanifest cause
• Metaphysical stability

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

By negating sensory attributes, the text cautions against mistaking perceptible qualities for ultimate reality; ethically it fosters detachment from sense-driven judgments.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Sarga/Pratisarga: further specification of the primordial substrate prior to the emergence of subtle elements (tanmātras) and gross elements.

What is the esoteric significance?

The ‘devoid of sound/touch/etc.’ signals a pre-sensory state: in meditation, withdrawing from sensory objects approximates this unmanifest level, revealing the stability (dhruva) beneath experience.