Shloka 41

Adhyaya 10 — Jaimini’s Questions on Birth, Death, Karma, and the Embodied Journey

Sanskrit

पूर्वाभ्यासेन तेनैव सोऽहं तात जितेन्द्रियः ।

यतिष्यामि तथा कर्तुं न भविष्ये यथा पुनः ॥

Transliteration

pūrvābhyāsena tenaiva so ’haṃ tāta jitendriyaḥ | yatiṣyāmi tathā kartuṃ na bhaviṣye yathā punaḥ ||

Translation

ಪ್ರಿಯ ತಂದೆಯೇ, ಪೂರ್ವಜನ್ಮಗಳ ಅದೇ ಅಭ್ಯಾಸದಿಂದ ನಾನು ಸ್ವಯಂನಿಯಂತ್ರಿತನಾಗಿದ್ದೇನೆ. ಹಿಂದಿನಂತೆ ಮತ್ತೆ ಜನ್ಮವಾಗದಂತೆ ನಾನು ಕರ್ಮ ಮಾಡಲು ಪ್ರಯತ್ನಿಸುತ್ತೇನೆ.

Word by Word

• पूर्वाभ्यासेन: by prior practice
• पूर्वाभ्यासेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पूर्व-अभ्यास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; समासः कर्मधारयः (पूर्वः अभ्यासः)

• तेन: by that
• तेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• तात: dear father/sir
• तात: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तात (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन

• जितेन्द्रियः: one who has conquered the senses
• जितेन्द्रियः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित-इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्ताधारित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (इन्द्रियाणि जितानि यस्य)

• यतिष्यामि: I will strive
• यतिष्यामि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: यत् (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future/लृट्), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• तथा: thus/in that way
• तथा: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• कर्तुम्: to do
• कर्तुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: तुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त (Infinitive/तुमुन्), अव्ययभाव

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात (negation particle)

• भविष्ये: I will be/become
• भविष्ये: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future/लृट्), उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• यथा: as/so that
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, उपमान/प्रकारवाचक (as/so that)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (again)

Speakers

• Son to Father (within the broader frame associated with the wise birds’ discourse)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "vira", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Moksha
• Saṃsāra
• Yoga (sense-control)
• Karma and rebirth
• Jātismaraṇa

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Spiritual progress is cumulative: prior discipline ripens into present self-mastery, and the aim of right effort is freedom from repeated rebirth (punarjanma).

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Primarily Dharma/Upadeśa (ethical-philosophical instruction) rather than sarga/pratisarga/manvantara/vaṃśa; it supports the Purāṇic function of teaching liberation-oriented dharma.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Prior practice’ suggests saṃskāra continuity across births; ‘conquest of senses’ is the inner yajña that burns the seeds of future embodiment.