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Shloka 4

Divākara-prasāda and the Establishment of Akṣaya-anna

Sūrya’s Favor and Inexhaustible Provision

विदुर उवाच त्रिवर्गो5यं धर्ममूलो नरेन्द्र राज्यं चेदं धर्ममूलं वदन्ति । धर्मे राजन्‌ वर्तमान: स्वशकक्‍्त्या पुत्रान्‌ सर्वान्‌ पाहि पाण्डो:सुतांश्ष,विदुरजीने कहा--नरेन्द्र! धर्म, अर्थ और काम इन तीनोंकी प्राप्तिका मूल कारण धर्म ही है। धर्मात्मा पुरुष इस राज्यकी जड़ भी धर्मको ही बतलाते हैं, अतः महाराज! आप धर्मके मार्गपर स्थिर रहकर यथाशक्ति अपने तथा पाण्डुके सब पुत्रोंका पालन कीजिये इति श्रीमहाभारते वनपर्वणि अरण्यपर्वणि विदुरवाक्यप्रत्याख्याने चतुर्थो 5ध्याय: ।। ४ ।। इस प्रकार श्रीमह्याभारत वनपर्वके अन्तर्गत अरण्यपर्वमें विदुरवाक्यप्रत्याख्यान-विषयक चौथा अध्याय पूरा हुआ

vidura uvāca | trivargo 'yaṃ dharmamūlo narendra rājyaṃ cedaṃ dharmamūlaṃ vadanti | dharme rājan vartamānaḥ svaśaktyā putrān sarvān pāhi pāṇḍoḥ sutān ||

ವಿದುರನು ಹೇಳಿದರು—“ನರೇಂದ್ರನೇ! ಧರ್ಮ, ಅರ್ಥ, ಕಾಮ ಎಂಬ ತ್ರಿವರ್ಗಕ್ಕೂ ಮೂಲ ಧರ್ಮವೇ. ಈ ರಾಜ್ಯವೂ ಧರ್ಮಮೂಲವೆಂದು ಜ್ಞಾನಿಗಳು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ, ರಾಜನೇ! ಧರ್ಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಸ್ಥಿರನಾಗಿ, ನಿನ್ನ ಶಕ್ತಿಯ ಮಟ್ಟಿಗೆ, ನಿನ್ನ ಪುತ್ರರನ್ನೂ ಪಾಂಡುವಿನ ಎಲ್ಲಾ ಪುತ್ರರನ್ನೂ—ಎಲ್ಲರನ್ನೂ ಪೋಷಿಸಿ ರಕ್ಷಿಸು।”

विदुरःVidura
विदुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्रिवर्गःthe triad (dharma-artha-kama)
त्रिवर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रिवर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्ममूलःrooted in dharma
धर्ममूलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्ममूल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरेन्द्रO king (lord of men)
नरेन्द्र:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
राज्यम्kingdom
राज्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धर्ममूलम्rooted in dharma
धर्ममूलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्ममूल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वदन्तिthey say
वदन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
धर्मेin dharma / in righteousness
धर्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वर्तमानःabiding / being engaged
वर्तमानः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवर्तमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
स्वशक्त्याby (your) own ability; as far as you can
स्वशक्त्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वशक्ति
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पाहिprotect; maintain
पाहि:
TypeVerb
Rootपा (पालने)
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
पाण्डोःof Pandu
पाण्डोः:
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सुतान्sons
सुतान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
N
Narendra (the king addressed)
P
Pāṇḍu
P
Pāṇḍu’s sons (Pāṇḍavas)
T
the king’s sons (Kauravas, implied)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is presented as the foundation of both personal goals (dharma–artha–kāma) and political authority (rājya). A king must therefore govern and care for all heirs/subjects impartially, guided by righteousness and within practical capacity.

Vidura addresses the king with counsel: he urges him to remain established in dharma and to protect and sustain all the sons—his own as well as Pāṇḍu’s—signaling a call for just, non-partisan guardianship amid dynastic tension.