Shloka 13

Jatāyu’s Resistance, Sītā’s Traces, Kabandha’s Release, and the Path to Sugrīva (Āraṇyaka-parva 263)

Devanagari script

अकस्मादेत्य च ब्रूते भोजयास्मांस्त्वरान्वित: । कदाचिच्च निशीथे स उत्थाय निकृतौ स्थित:

Transliteration

akasmādetya ca brūte bhojayāsmāṁstvarānvitāḥ | kadācicca niśīthe sa utthāya nikṛtau sthitaḥ ||

Translation

ವೈಶಂಪಾಯನನು ಹೇಳಿದರು—ಅವನು ಅಕಸ್ಮಾತ್ತಾಗಿ ಬಂದು ಆತುರದಿಂದ, ‘ನಮಗೆ ತಕ್ಷಣ ಭೋಜನ ಮಾಡಿಸಿರಿ!’ ಎಂದು ಹೇಳುತ್ತಿದ್ದ. ಕೆಲವೊಮ್ಮೆ ನಿಶೀಥದ ಮಧ್ಯರಾತ್ರಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಎದ್ದು ಮೋಸ ಮಾಡಲು ಸಿದ್ಧನಾಗಿ ನಿಂತಿರುತ್ತಿದ್ದ.

Word by Word

• अकस्मात्: suddenly, unexpectedly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अकस्मात्
• Form: Avyaya (indeclinable adverb)

• एत्य: having come
• Type: Verb
• Root: इ (धातु)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), from √इ; 'having come'

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya (conjunction)

• ब्रूते: he says
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: Present tense (लट्), 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada

• भोजय: feed (us)!, give (us) food!
• Type: Verb
• Root: भुज् (धातु) / भोजय (णिजन्त)
• Form: Imperative (लोट्), 2nd person singular, Parasmaipada; causative of √भुज्

• अस्मान्: us
• अस्मान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Pronoun; accusative case, plural

• त्वरा-अन्वितः: endowed with haste; in a hurry
• त्वरा-अन्वितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वरा + अन्वित
• Form: Masculine, nominative case, singular

• कदाचित्: sometimes
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कदाचित्
• Form: Avyaya (adverb)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya (conjunction)

• निशीथे: at midnight
• निशीथे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशीथ
• Form: Masculine, locative case, singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Pronoun; masculine, nominative case, singular

• उत्थाय: having risen (got up)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु) + उत् (उपसर्ग)
• Form: Absolutive (क्त्वान्त), from √स्था with उत्; 'having risen'

• निकृतौ: in deceit; in a treacherous act/plot
• निकृतौ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: निकृति
• Form: Feminine, locative case, singular (Vedic/epic loc. sg. in -au)

• स्थितः: standing; remaining; being engaged
• स्थितः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था (धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), masculine, nominative case, singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights unethical conduct—impatience and deceit—implying that dharmic life requires restraint, honesty, and proper regard for others rather than coercion or trickery.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaishampayana describes a person’s behavior: he abruptly arrives demanding food in haste, and at other times he rises at midnight, poised to act deceitfully—portraying a pattern of manipulative, untrustworthy conduct.