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Shloka 29

Daṇḍotpatti-kathana (Origin and Function of Daṇḍa) — वसुहोम–मान्धातृ संवाद

अशक्तिः शक्तिरित्येवं मानस्तम्भौ व्ययाव्ययौ । विनयश्न विसर्गश्ष कालाकालौ च भारत

bhīṣma uvāca |

aśaktiḥ śaktir ity evaṁ māna-stambhau vyayāvyayau |

vinayaś ca visargaś ca kālākālau ca bhārata ||

ಭೀಷ್ಮನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ಓ ಭಾರತ! ಅಶಕ್ತಿ–ಶಕ್ತಿ, ಮಾನ–ಕಠೋರ ಅಹಂಕಾರ, ವ್ಯಯ–ಅವ್ಯಯ, ವಿನಯ–ದಾನ, ಕಾಲೋಚಿತ–ಅಕಾಲೋಚಿತ ಆಚರಣೆ—ಇಂತಹ ದ್ವಂದ್ವಸ್ಥಿತಿಗಳೇ ದಂಡ (ಶಾಸನ-ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣ ಮತ್ತು ದಂಡವಿಧಾನ) ಲೋಕದಲ್ಲಿ ಪ್ರಕಟವಾಗುವ ಅನೇಕ ರೂಪಗಳು. ಈ ವಿರೋಧಗಳನ್ನು ಅರಿತ ರಾಜನು (ಮತ್ತು ಯಾವುದೇ ಧರ್ಮಾಚಾರಿ) ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ ಹೇಗೆ ನಿಲ್ಲುತ್ತದೆ, ನಡೆ ಹೇಗೆ ಧರ್ಮದ ಕಡೆಗೆ ಸರಿಪಡುತ್ತದೆ ಎಂಬುದನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಯುತ್ತಾನೆ.

अशक्तिःinability, weakness
अशक्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअशक्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
शक्तिःability, power
शक्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus, so (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
एवम्in this way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
मानःpride, self-esteem
मानः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमान
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्तम्भौstiffness, arrogance (lit. rigidity); the two (pride and stiffness)
स्तम्भौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्तम्भ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
व्ययexpenditure, loss
व्यय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अव्ययौthe two: (loss and) non-loss / imperishability
अव्ययौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअव्यय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
विनयःhumility, discipline
विनयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविनय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विसर्गःgiving away, donation; discharge
विसर्गः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविसर्ग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कालtime
काल:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अकालौthe two: (timely and) untimely time
अकालौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअकाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bhārata (descendant of Bharata)
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bhārata (Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma frames ethical and political life through paired opposites (strength/weakness, honor/pride, spending/saving, humility/giving, timely/untimely action). The lesson is that governance and self-governance require discerning these contrasts and applying correction (daṇḍa) and restraint so that conduct aligns with dharma.

In the Śānti Parva, Bhishma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on rājadharma and the principles that sustain social order after the war. Here he continues a catalog of contrasting qualities and conditions, presenting them as manifestations relevant to rule, discipline, and moral decision-making.