Shloka 48
धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणरथारोহণं सात्यकेः प्रतिरक्षणं च | Dhrishtadyumna Boards Droṇa’s Chariot; Sātyaki’s Counter-Protection
Devanagari script
स नून॑ बहुभियत्तिर्युध्यमानो नरर्षभै:
Transliteration
sa nūnaṃ bahubhir yattir yudhyamāno nararṣabhaiḥ
Translation
ಸಂಜಯನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ನಿಶ್ಚಯವಾಗಿ, ಯುದ್ಧದಲ್ಲಿ ಶ್ರಮಿಸುತ್ತಿರುವ ಅವನು ಈಗ ಮನುಷ್ಯರಲ್ಲಿ ವೃಷಭಸಮಾನ ಅನೇಕ ವೀರರೊಂದಿಗೆ ಹೋರಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದಾನೆ.
Word by Word
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नूनम्surely, indeed
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्
बहुभिःby many (persons)
बहुभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
यत्तिःeffort, exertion
यत्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयत्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
युध्यमानःfighting
युध्यमानः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formशानच् (present active participle, Ātmanepada usage), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
नरर्षभैःby the best of men (bulls among men)
नरर्षभैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनरर्षभ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaA
an unnamed warrior (saḥ)N
naraṛṣabhāḥ (elite warriors)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The line highlights the ideal of steadfast exertion in one’s appointed role: in the chaos of war, a warrior’s resolve is measured by continued effort even when opposed by many formidable opponents.
Sañjaya describes a combatant who, while striving intensely, is engaged in battle against numerous eminent warriors—emphasizing the pressure and scale of the confrontation.