Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 21
Devanagari script
परुषं ये न भाषन्ते कटुकं निष्ठुरं तथा न पैशुन्यरताः सन्तस् ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः //
Translation
ಇಲ್ಲಿ ಶ್ಲೋಕದ ಮೂಲ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತ ಪಾಠ ನೀಡಿಲ್ಲ; ಕೇವಲ ‘21’ ಸಂಖ್ಯೆ ಮಾತ್ರ ಇದೆ. ದಯವಿಟ್ಟು ಪಾಠವನ್ನು ನೀಡಿ, ನಂತರ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರೀಯ ಅನುವಾದ ಮಾಡುತ್ತೇನೆ.
Word by Word
paruṣamharsh (words)
paruṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootparuṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; object of bhāṣante (understood: 'harsh speech')
yewho
ye:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; relative pronoun referring to te narāḥ
nanot
na:
Kriyā-niṣedha (क्रिया-निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-particle (निषेध-अव्यय)
bhāṣantethey speak
bhāṣante:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhāṣ (भाष्)
FormLaṭ (present), Prathama puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana, Ātmanepada
kaṭukambitter (speech)
kaṭukam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkaṭuka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; object (elliptic: 'bitter words')
niṣṭhuramcruel (speech)
niṣṭhuram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootniṣṭhura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana; object (elliptic)
tathālikewise, also
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb/conjunction meaning 'and also/likewise'
nanot
na:
Kriyā-niṣedha (क्रिया-निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-particle
paiśunya-ratāḥfond of slander
paiśunya-ratāḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpaiśunya (प्रातिपदिक) + rata (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त-निष्पन्न)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: 'paiśunye ratāḥ' (delighting in slander); predicate adjective of te narāḥ
santaḥbeing good, virtuous
santaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsat (कृदन्त; शतृ)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; present participle (शतृ) of √as (अस्) 'being'; used adjectivally 'good/virtuous'
tethose
te:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
narāḥmen, people
narāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana
svarga-gāminaḥheaven-going
svarga-gāminaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक) + gāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; predicate adjective
Speaker
Śiva to Umā/Devī