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Shiva Purana — Rudra Samhita, Shloka 16

शुक्रनिग्रहः — The Seizure/Neutralization of Śukra (Kāvya) and the Daityas’ Despondency

Devanagari script

सत्यायुषि न नो जातु शक्तास्स्युः प्रमथा बलात् । असत्यायुपि किं गत्वा त्यक्त्वा स्वामिनमाहवे

Transliteration

satyāyuṣi na no jātu śaktāssyuḥ pramathā balāt | asatyāyupi kiṃ gatvā tyaktvā svāminamāhave

Translation

ដរាបណាជីវិតរបស់សត្យា​នៅមាន ព្រមថៈមិនអាចយកកម្លាំងមកឈ្នះយើងបានឡើយ។ ប៉ុន្តែបើជីវិតរបស់សត្យា​មិនពិតទេ នោះទៅទីនោះមានប្រយោជន៍អ្វី ដោយបោះបង់ព្រះអម្ចាស់របស់យើងនៅកណ្ដាលសមរភូមិ?

Word by Word
सत्य-आयुषिin (the case of) true/long life
सत्य-आयुषि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative ‘when life is true/long’
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, negation particle
नःof us
नः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी विभक्ति, बहुवचन (enclitic); ‘of us/our’
जातुever
जातु:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootजातु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, adverb; ‘ever/at any time’
शक्ताःable
शक्ताः:
Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; predicate adjective of ‘Pramathas’
स्युःwould be
स्युः:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘would be/should be’
प्रमथाःthe Pramathas
प्रमथाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमथ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन; subject
बलात्by force
बलात्:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त), adverb; ‘by force/forcibly’
असत्य-आयुषिin (the case of) short/uncertain life
असत्य-आयुषि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootअसत्य (प्रातिपदिक) + आयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative ‘in (case of) untrue/short life’
अपिeven
अपि:
Emphasis (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, particle; ‘even/also’
किम्why? what (use)?
किम्:
Prayojana-praśna (प्रयोजनप्रश्न)
TypeNoun
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; interrogative used adverbially ‘why/what (use)?’
गत्वाhaving gone
गत्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु) + क्त्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त; ‘having gone’
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootत्यज् (धातु) + क्त्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्ययकृदन्त; ‘having abandoned’
स्वामिनम्the master
स्वामिनम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वामिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; object of ‘abandoning’
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootआहव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन; locative ‘in battle’
Speaker

A leader/spokesman among the opposing warriors in the Yuddha narrative (as narrated by Sūta Gosvāmin)

Shaiva Theology

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Rudra

Characters & Entities
S
Shiva
P
Pramatha

FAQs

The verse highlights dharma as steadfast loyalty to one’s rightful Lord even under fear; in a Shaiva lens, abandoning the Lord in crisis is spiritually futile, because true protection and victory rest with Śiva’s side (Pati) and His śakti-filled attendants.

The Pramathas represent Saguna Śiva’s active, protective presence in the world—His ‘visible’ guardianship for devotees. The verse’s mood reinforces taking refuge in Śiva as the reliable Lord rather than relying solely on worldly calculations.

A practical takeaway is śaraṇāgati (surrender) expressed through steady japa of the Pañcākṣarī—“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”—especially in moments of fear, along with simple devotion such as offering bilva leaves and maintaining inner loyalty to Śiva.

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