Rig Veda 6.39.4 — Mandala 6, Sukta 39, Mantra 4

Sukta 6.39

Rishi: Bharadvāja Bārhaspatya (traditional for Mandala 6 hymns; specific attribution for 6.39 commonly to Bharadvāja)

Devata: Indra (as luminous leader yoked to Ṛta; Swar-finder)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for this section; Mandala 6 Indra hymns predominantly Triṣṭubh)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अयं रोचयदरुचो रुचानोऽयं वासयद्व्यृतेन पूर्वीः । अयमीयत ऋतयुग्भिरश्वैः स्वर्विदा नाभिना चर्षणिप्राः ॥

Transliteration

ayáṃ rocayad arúco rucānó ’ayáṃ vāsayad ví ṛ́tena pūrvī́ḥ | ayám īyate ṛtayúg-bhir áśvaiḥ svàr-vidā nā́bhinā carṣaṇi-prā́ḥ ||

Translation

He, shining, makes the unshining blaze; he spreads out by the Truth the ancient formations. He moves with horses yoked to the Ṛta; finding the Swar, he advances the peoples by the central navel (the inner seat of union).

Word by Word

• अयम्: this (one), he
• अयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• रोचयत्: made shine, illumined
• रोचयत्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: √रुच् (रुचँ दीप्तौ) → caus. रोचयति

• अरुचः: the unshining/dark (ones), the non-luminous
• अरुचः: Karma
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अरुच् (नञ्-समास/अ-उपसर्गयुक्त ‘रुच्’ से; प्रातिपदिक)

• रुचानः: shining, being radiant
• रुचानः: Kartā
• Type: Participle
• Root: √रुच् (रुचँ दीप्तौ) → शानच् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)

• अयम्: this (one), he
• अयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वासयत्: clothed, caused to dwell/cover
• वासयत्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वास् (वासँ निवासे/आच्छादने) → caus. वासयति

• वि: apart, asunder, widely
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• ऋतेन: with ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
• ऋतेन: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋत (प्रातिपदिक)

• पूर्वीः: the former/ancient (ones)
• पूर्वीः: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• अयम्: this (one), he
• अयम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• ईयत: went, advanced
• ईयत: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √इ (इण् गतौ) → ईयति

• ऋतयुग्भिः: with ṛta-yoked (ones)
• ऋतयुग्भिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋत-युग् (तत्पुरुष-समास; ‘ṛta-yoked/ṛta-joined’)

• अश्वैः: with horses
• अश्वैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्व (प्रातिपदिक)

• स्वर्विदा: with the heaven-finder (as guide/means)
• स्वर्विदा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: स्वर्-विद् (तत्पुरुष-समास; ‘heaven-finding’)

• नाभिना: with the navel; with the hub/center
• नाभिना: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाभि (प्रातिपदिक)

• चर्षणिप्राः: supporting/filling the peoples (men/tribes)
• चर्षणिप्राः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (epithet)
• Root: चर्षणि-प्र (बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समास; ‘filling/supporting the peoples’)