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Mantra 13

Sukta 10.93

Devata: Indra (context of 10.93; wealth/strength imagery; transition into Soma-pressing hymns)
Chandas: Trishtubh (probable for RV 10.93; verse-length and cadence consistent)

वावर्त येषां राया युक्तैषां हिरण्ययी । नेमधिता न पौंस्या वृथेव विष्टान्ता ॥

वा॒वर्त॒ येषां॑ रा॒या यु॒क्तैषां॑ हिर॒ण्ययी॑ । ने॒मधि॑ता॒ न पौंस्या॒ वृथे॑व वि॒ष्टान्ता॑ ॥

vā́varta yéṣāṃ rāyā́ yuktáiṣāṃ hiraṇyáyī | némadhitā́ ná paṃsyā́ vṛ́thāiva viṣṭā́ntā ||

Their plenitude of being turns and comes into right harness; for them the golden radiance is joined. Their manly force is not held back in a mere half-measure; it does not lie scattered in vain, but reaches its settled end.

व॒वर्त॑ । येषा॑म् । रा॒या । यु॒क्ता । ए॒षा॒म् । हि॒र॒ण्ययी॑ । ने॒मऽधि॑ता । न । पौंस्या॑ । वृथा॑ऽइव । वि॒ष्टऽअ॑न्ता ॥ववर्त । येषाम् । राया । युक्ता । एषाम् । हिरण्ययी । नेमधिता । न । पौंस्या । वृथाइव । विष्टअन्ता ॥vavarta | yeṣām | rāyā | yuktā | eṣām | hiraṇyayī | nema-dhitā | na | paiṃsyā | vṛthāiva | viṣṭa-antā

वावर्तwhirls/turns (around)
वावर्त:
Kriyā (finite verb of the clause)
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (वर्तते/वर्तयति) → वावर्त (intensive/perfect-like reduplicated form)
येषाम्of whom; whose
येषाम्:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (genitive relation: ‘of whom/whose’)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (relative pronoun)
रायाby/with wealth
राया:
Karaṇa (instrument/means)
TypeNoun
Rootराय् (स्त्री. ‘wealth, bounty’)
युक्तैषाम्with (their) yoked (teams); of them
युक्तैषाम्:
Karaṇa (युक्तैः ‘with the yoked/with teams’), plus Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (एषाम् ‘of these/them’)
TypeAdjective + Pronoun
Rootयुक्त (ppp of √युज् ‘to yoke, join’) + एषाम् (enclitic gen.pl. pronoun)
हिरण्ययीgolden
हिरण्ययी:
Kartā/Viśeṣaṇa (predicate/qualifier of an implied feminine noun, e.g., ‘राय्/श्रीः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootहिरण्यय (adj. ‘golden’, from हिरण्य ‘gold’)
नेमधिताfirmly set; unshaken
नेमधिता:
Kartā/Viśeṣaṇa (predicate/qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootनेमधित (Vedic adjective/participle-like form; traditionally taken as ‘firmly fixed/established, not to be displaced’; exact derivation uncertain in RV lexica)
not
:
Nishedha (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पौंस्याmanly powers; virilities
पौंस्या:
Kartā/Karma (contextual: ‘manly powers’ as subject or object of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootपौंस्य (neut. ‘manliness, virility, strength’)
वृथाin vain
वृथा:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवृथा
इवlike; as
इव:
Upamā (simile marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
विष्टान्ताhaving a resting-place; coming to rest; settled
विष्टान्ता:
Kartā/Viśeṣaṇa (predicate/qualifier)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootविष्टान्त (Vedic noun/adj.; ‘resting-place, settled end/limit; cessation’; from √स्था with viṣ-/viṣṭa- complex; lexicalized RV form)