Rig Veda 10.121.2: Mandala 10, Sukta 121, Mantra 2

Sukta 10.121

Rishi: Hiraṇyagarbha / Prajāpati (traditional)

Devata: Ka / Prajāpati (the One over gods and beings)

Chandas: Tr̥ṣṭubh

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

य आत्मदा बलदा यस्य विश्व उपासते प्रशिषं यस्य देवाः । यस्य छायामृतं यस्य मृत्युः कस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥

Transliteration

yá ātmadā́ baladā́ yásya víśva upā́sate praśíṣaṃ yásya devā́ḥ | yásya chāyā́m ṛtáṃ yásya mṛtyúḥ kásmai devā́ya havíṣā vidhema ||

Translation

He who gives the self and gives the strength, whose command all beings attend, whom even the gods follow in obedience; whose shadow is the Truth-Order and whose shadow is Death: to which God shall we offer the oblation of our will?

Ask anything about this verse...Ask

Word by Word

• यः: who
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आत्मदा: giver of life/self
• आत्मदा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective (compound epithet)
• Root: आत्मन् + दा (√दा ‘to give’)

• बलदा: giver of strength
• बलदा: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective (compound epithet)
• Root: बल + दा (√दा ‘to give’)

• यस्य: of whom / whose
• यस्य: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• विश्वे: all (beings)
• विश्वे: Kartā
• Type: Adjective used substantively
• Root: विश्व (सर्व)

• उपासते: worship / attend upon
• उपासते: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आस् (√आस् ‘to sit’; ‘to worship/attend’)

• प्रशिषम्: command / ordinance / rule
• प्रशिषम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-शास् (√शास् ‘to command, rule’) → प्रशिष् (स्त्री.)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• छाया: shadow
• छाया: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: छाया

• अमृतम्: immortality / ambrosia
• अमृतम्: Kartā
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: अमृत

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• मृत्युः: death
• मृत्युः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृत्यु

• कस्मै: to whom?
• कस्मै: Sampradāna
• Type: Interrogative pronoun
• Root: किम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• देवाय: to (which) god
• देवाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव

• हविषा: with oblation
• हविषा: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: हविस्

• विधेम: may we offer / may we perform
• विधेम: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-धा (√धा ‘to place, arrange’; ‘to perform/offer’)