Rig Veda 10.116.9: Mandala 10, Sukta 116, Mantra 9

Sukta 10.116

Devata: Indra-Agni (dual)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable; verification required)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्रेन्द्राग्निभ्यां सुवचस्यामियर्मि सिन्धाविव प्रेरयं नावमर्कैः । अया इव परि चरन्ति देवा ये अस्मभ्यं धनदा उद्भिदश्च ॥

Transliteration

préndrāgníbhyāṃ suvacasyā́m iyarmi síndhāv iva prérayaṃ nā́vam arkáiḥ | ayā́ iva pári caranti devā́ ye asmábhyaṃ dhanadā́ udbhídaś ca ||

Translation

To Indra and Agni I set my speech in a clear and fortunate movement; with my hymns I launch it like a boat upon the river. The gods who move around us like guiding currents—those who give the riches and break open the closed places—may they act for our becoming.

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Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• इन्द्रा-अग्निभ्याम्: with Indra and Agni
• इन्द्रा-अग्निभ्याम्: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun (dvandva)
• Root: इन्द्र (prātipadika) + अग्नि (prātipadika)

• सुवचस्यामि: I am of good utterance / I speak well
• सुवचस्यामि: Kartā (speaker’s self-predication)
• Type: Adjective (predicative)
• Root: सु-वचस्य (prātipadika) ← वचस् (speech) + सु-

• इयर्मि: I set in motion / I send forth
• इयर्मि: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईर्/इर् (धातु: īr ‘to set in motion, raise, send forth’)

• सिन्धौ: in the river / in the stream
• सिन्धौ: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (prātipadika)

• इव: like, as
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• प्र: forth
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• ईरयम्: I impelled / I set going
• ईरयम्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: ईरय् (causative of √ईर्/इर्)

• नावम्: a boat
• नावम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नौ/नाव् (prātipadika ‘boat’)

• अर्कैः: with hymns / with praises
• अर्कैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्क (prātipadika)

• अया: in this way / by this course
• अया: Karaṇa (adverbial instrument)
• Type: Noun/Adverbial (Vedic)
• Root: अय (prātipadika; ‘going, course’ / also ‘this way’ in Vedic usage)

• इव: like
• इव: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव

• परि: around, about
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि (upasarga)

• चरन्ति: they move / they go about
• चरन्ति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् (धातु)

• देवाः: the gods
• देवाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (prātipadika)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā (of relative clause)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• अस्मभ्यम्: to us
• अस्मभ्यम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (pronoun)

• धनदाः: wealth-givers
• धनदाः: Kartā (apposition to देवाः)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: धन-द (prātipadika; ‘wealth-giving’) ← धन + √दा (to give)

• उद्भिदः: openers/breakers-through (removers of obstacles)
• उद्भिदः: Kartā (apposition to देवाः)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: उद्-भिद् (prātipadika; ‘breaking forth/uprooting, opening’) ← उद् + √भिद् (to split)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च