Rig Veda 1.83.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 83, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.83

Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa (traditionally for RV 1.83)

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 1.83; verse-level verification recommended)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अधि द्वयोरदधा उक्थ्यं वचो यतस्रुचा मिथुना या सपर्यतः । असंयत्तो व्रते ते क्षेति पुष्यति भद्रा शक्तिर्यजमानाय सुन्वते ॥

Transliteration

adhí dváyor adadhā ukthyàṁ vácо yata-srúcā mithunā́ yā́ saparyátaḥ | asaṁyattó vraté té kṣeti púṣyati bhadrā́ śaktír yajamānāya sunvaté ||

Translation

Upon the two (balanced powers) thou hast set the word fit for the hymn—those twin ladles that serve and adore. Unfettered in thy law of working, the auspicious Power dwells and increases for the sacrificer who presses the Soma.

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Word by Word

• अधि: upon, over
• अधि: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• द्वयोः: of/on the two
• द्वयोः: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun (numeral/pronominal)
• Root: द्वि (सर्वनाम/संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)

• अदधाः: thou hast placed/established
• अदधाः: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा (धातु) < दधा- (परस्मै)

• उक्थ्यम्: worthy of hymn/recitation
• उक्थ्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उक्थ्य (प्रातिपदिक) < उक्थ

• वचः: speech, utterance
• वचः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वचस् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यतस्रुचा: with the well-directed ladle
• यतस्रुचा: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यतस्रुच् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास)

• मिथुना: as a pair, jointly
• मिथुना: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective/Adverbial
• Root: मिथुन (प्रातिपदिक)

• याः: who (fem. pl.)
• याः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• सपर्यतः: worshipping, serving
• सपर्यतः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (participle)
• Root: सपर्य (धातु) < सपर्यति

• असंयत्तः: unrestrained, unchecked
• असंयत्तः: Kartā
• Type: Adjective (past participle)
• Root: सम्-यम् (धातु) → संयत; नञ्-समास

• व्रते: in (his) ordinance/vow, in the sacred order
• व्रते: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)

• ते: of thee, thy
• ते: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम)

• क्षेति: dwells, abides
• क्षेति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्षि (धातु) < क्षेति

• पुष्यति: thrives, prospers
• पुष्यति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: पुष् (धातु) < पुष्यति

• भद्रा: auspicious, благоприятная
• भद्रा: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भद्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• शक्तिः: power, ability
• शक्तिः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: शक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)

• यजमानाय: for the sacrificer
• यजमानाय: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: यजमान (प्रातिपदिक)

• सुन्वते: for the Soma-presser (one who presses Soma)
• सुन्वते: Sampradāna
• Type: Participle (to a noun)
• Root: सु (धातु) < सुन्वत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)