Rig Veda 1.160.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 160, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.160

Rishi: As RV 1.160 (verify)

Devata: Dyāvāpṛthivī

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

उरुव्यचसा महिनी असश्चता पिता माता च भुवनानि रक्षतः । सुधृष्टमे वपुष्ये न रोदसी पिता यत्सीमभि रूपैरवासयत् ॥

Transliteration

uru-vyácasā mahinī́ asaścátā pitā́ mātā́ ca bhúvanāni rakṣataḥ | su-dhṛ́ṣṭame vapuṣyé na ródasī pitā́ yát sīm abhí rū́pair avā́sayat ||

Translation

Wide in extension, the two great ones, never failing, the Father and the Mother guard the worlds. Strong-set in beauty are the two firm realms, when the Father has made them dwell by forms all around.

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Word by Word

• उरुव्यचसा: with wide expanse (vastly spreading)
• उरुव्यचसा: Karaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उरु-व्यचस् (प्रातिपदिक; उरु ‘wide’ + व्यचस् ‘spreading, expanse’)

• महिनी: the two great (ones)
• महिनी: Kartā
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महीन (प्रातिपदिक; from मह्/महि ‘great’)

• असश्चता: (they) two are inseparable / do not part
• असश्चता: Kartā
• Type: Verb (finite) used adjectivally
• Root: सच् (धातु) ‘to accompany, follow, be associated’ + अ- (neg.)

• पिता: the father
• पिता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• माता: the mother
• माता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: मातृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (निपात)

• भुवनानि: the worlds / beings / realms
• भुवनानि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भुवन (प्रातिपदिक; from भू ‘to be’)

• रक्षतः: they two protect
• रक्षतः: Kartā
• Type: Verb (finite)
• Root: रक्ष् (धातु) ‘to protect’

• सुधृष्टमे: in the most daring (guise)
• सुधृष्टमे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective (superlative)
• Root: सु-धृष्टम (प्रातिपदिक; superlative of धृष्/धृष्ट ‘bold, daring’)

• वपुष्ये: in (their) beautiful form
• वपुष्ये: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: वपुष्य (प्रातिपदिक; from वपुस् ‘form, beauty’)

• न: like / as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (उपमा-निपात)

• रोदसी: Heaven and Earth (the two worlds)
• रोदसी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: रोदसी (प्रातिपदिक; dual of ‘rodas’ = heaven & earth)

• पिता: the father
• पिता: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: when / that
• यत्: —
• Type: Relative pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• सीम्: indeed / just
• सीम्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सीम् (निपात; enclitic)

• अभि: towards / over
• अभि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• रूपैः: with forms / appearances
• रूपैः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक)

• अवासयत्: he clothed/covered (them) / arrayed (them)
• अवासयत्: Kartā
• Type: Verb (finite)
• Root: अव-√अस्/वस्? (causative) — here from √वस् ‘to clothe, cover, cause to dwell’ with अव-; Vedic causative ‘to cover/array’