Shloka 41

युद्धलक्षण-निमित्तदर्शनं तथा लङ्काद्वारव्यूहः

War Omens and the Encirclement of Lanka’s Gates

Devanagari script

मध्यमेचस्वयंगुल्मेसुग्रीवस्समतिष्ठत ।सहसर्वैर्हरिश्रेष्ठैस्सुपर्णश्वसनोपमैः ।।6.41.41।।

Transliteration

madhyame ca svayaṃ gulme sugrīvaḥ samatiṣṭhata |

saha sarvair hariśreṣṭhaiḥ suparṇaśvasanopamaiḥ || 6.41.41 ||

Translation

នៅកងកណ្ដាល សុគ្រីវៈបានឈរតាំងមាំដោយខ្លួនឯង ជាមួយវានរអ្នកប្រសើរទាំងអស់ ដែលលឿនដូចគរុឌ និងរហ័សដូចខ្យល់។

Word by Word

• मध्यमे: in the middle
• मध्यमे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मध्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular); अधिकरण (location)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• स्वयम्: himself
• स्वयम्: कर्ता-विशेषण (Emphasis on agent)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्वयम् (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात/अव्यय (emphatic indeclinable)

• गुल्मे: at the post/formation
• गुल्मे: अधिकरण (Adhikaraṇa/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुल्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (7th/Locative), एकवचन (Singular)

• सुग्रीवः: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवः: कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• समतिष्ठत: stood/remained
• समतिष्ठत: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + स्था (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• सह: together with
• सह: सहकारक-निर्देशक (Marker of accompaniment)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: सह-अव्यय (prepositional indeclinable) तृतीया-संबन्धी (governs instrumental)

• सर्वैः: all
• सर्वैः: सहकारक-विशेषण (Qualifier of accompaniment)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) हरिश्रेष्ठैः प्रति

• हरिश्रेष्ठैः: with the best of the monkeys
• हरिश्रेष्ठैः: सहकारक/सहयोग (Sahakāraka/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि + श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

• सुपर्णश्वसनोपमैः: comparable to Garuḍa and the wind (in speed)
• सुपर्णश्वसनोपमैः: सहकारक-विशेषण (Qualifier of accompaniment)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुपर्ण + श्वसन + उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) हरिश्रेष्ठैः प्रति; उपमावाचक (denoting comparison)

Context

Renowned generals of the Vanara army and thirtysix crores of Vanaras stood there camping.

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Garuḍa (Suparṇa)
• Vāyu (wind, by simile)
• Vānara chiefs
• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma of leadership: the king does not remain distant; he stands at a pivotal position to support and coordinate the whole force.

What is the narrative situation?

After assigning gate-guards, Sugrīva anchors the formation at the center with elite vānara leaders.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s leadership and readiness—command maintained through presence and steadiness.