Shloka 19

सीताहरणोत्तरं लङ्काप्रवेशः

Sita’s Abduction and Ravana’s Entry into Lanka

Devanagari script

स तान्दृष्ट्वा महावीर्यो वरदानेन मोहितः।उवाचैतानिदं वाक्यं प्रशस्य बलवीर्यतः।।।।

Transliteration

sa tān dṛṣṭvā mahāvīryo varadānena mohitaḥ |

uvāca etān idaṃ vākyaṃ praśasya bala-vīryataḥ ||

Translation

ពេលឃើញពួកគេ វីរបុរសដ៏មហិទ្ធិ—ដែលត្រូវមន្តស្នេហ៍ដោយពរបានទទួល—បានសរសើរកម្លាំង និងវីរភាពរបស់ពួកគេ ហើយនិយាយពាក្យនេះទៅកាន់ពួកគេ។

Word by Word

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; pronoun

• tān: them
• tān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā vibhakti, Bahuvacana; pronoun

• dṛṣṭvā: having seen
• dṛṣṭvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (धातु) + ktvā (क्त्वा)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त), from √dṛś; ‘having seen’

• mahāvīryaḥ: very mighty
• mahāvīryaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahā + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Prathamā vibhakti, Ekavacana; qualifying saḥ

• varadānena: by the boon-gift (boons)
• varadānena: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vara + dāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुṃsaka (n.), Tṛtīyā vibhakti (Instrumental/करण), Ekavacana; tatpuruṣa: varasya dānam

• mohitaḥ: deluded
• mohitaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: muh (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; ‘deluded’

• uvāca: said
• uvāca: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ lakāra (Perfect), Parasmaipada, Prathama puruṣa, Ekavacana; from √vac

• etān: to these (them)
• etān: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā vibhakti, Bahuvacana; pronoun

• idam: this
• idam: Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुṃsaka (n.), Dvitīyā vibhakti, Ekavacana; demonstrative pronoun qualifying vākyaṃ

• vākyam: speech, words
• vākyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napुṃsaka (n.), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative), Ekavacana

• praśasya: having praised
• praśasya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra + śaṃs (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यबन्त), from √śaṃs with prefix pra-; ‘having praised’

• balavīryataḥ: as to (their) strength and valor
• balavīryataḥ: Hetu/Viṣaya (हेतु/विषय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: bala + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ablative used adverbially (तसिल्/तस्): ‘in respect of’; dvandva: bala + vīrya; Pañcamī-ekavacana sense as adverb

Context

The courageous lord of the demons, having said so to the demonesses, came out of the inner apartment. While contemplating the future course of action, he saw eight powerful, carnivorous demons.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Boons (vara-dāna)
• Eight rākṣasas (unnamed)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Power without humility obscures satya: reliance on boons breeds arrogance and moral blindness, leading one to mistake invincibility for righteousness.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa encounters eight strong demons and begins addressing them after praising their might, preparing for further action.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

The cautionary opposite of virtue is emphasized: the absence of humility and ethical discernment (viveka) under the intoxication of power.