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Shloka 17

प्रजापतयः देवगणाश्च दिशि-दिशि स्थिताः ऋषयः

Prajāpatis, Deva-Groups, and the Ṛṣis Assigned to the Directions

सर्पान्‌ कुशाग्राणि तथोदपानं ज्ञात्वा मनुष्या: परिवर्जयन्ति | अज्ञानतस्तत्र पतन्ति केचि- ज्ज्ञाने फलं पश्य यथा विशिष्टम्‌

sarpān kuśāgrāṇi tathodapānaṃ jñātvā manuṣyāḥ parivarjayanti | ajñānatastatra patanti kecij jñāne phalaṃ paśya yathā viśiṣṭam ||

ភីស្មៈបានមានព្រះវាចា៖ ពេលមនុស្សដឹងថាមានពស់នៅលើផ្លូវ មានចុងស្មៅគុសៈមុតៗ និងមានអណ្ដូង នោះពួកគេនឹងជៀសវាង ហើយឆ្លងកាត់ដោយសុវត្ថិភាព។ តែដោយអវិជ្ជា មនុស្សខ្លះធ្លាក់ចូលទៅក្នុងគ្រោះថ្នាក់នោះឯង។ ដូច្នេះ ចូរមើលឲ្យឃើញដោយផ្ទាល់ថា ផលនៃចំណេះដឹងមានលក្ខណៈពិសេស និងច្បាស់លាស់យ៉ាងណា។

सर्पान्snakes
सर्पान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्प
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कुशाग्राणिsharp tips/thorns of kuśa-grass
कुशाग्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुशाग्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
उदपानम्a well
उदपानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउदपान
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ज्ञात्वाhaving known
ज्ञात्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
मनुष्याःpeople/men
मनुष्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
परिवर्जयन्तिavoid, shun
परिवर्जयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वर्ज्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
अज्ञानतःout of ignorance
अज्ञानतः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअज्ञान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular, Ablative used adverbially
तत्रthere, in that place
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
पतन्तिfall
पतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural
केचित्some (persons)
केचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Indefinite pronoun (some)
ज्ञानेin/through knowledge
ज्ञाने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
फलम्fruit, result
फलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पश्यsee (you)!
पश्य:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperative, Imperative, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular
यथाhow, as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
विशिष्टम्distinct, excellent, special
विशिष्टम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष्ट
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle) used adjectivally

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
snakes (sarpāḥ)
K
kuśa grass (kuśa)
W
well (udapāna)

Educational Q&A

Knowledge has a practical, protective value: recognizing dangers enables avoidance, while ignorance leads to preventable suffering. Bhishma highlights jñāna as an immediately verifiable benefit in ethical life.

In Bhishma’s instruction (Shanti Parva), he uses a simple road-side analogy—snakes, sharp grass, and a well—to show Yudhisthira that discernment and right understanding guide safe conduct, whereas lack of awareness causes people to stumble into harm.