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Shloka 54

पुनर्द्यूत-समाह्वानम्

Renewed Summons to the Dice-Game and Exile Wager

तां कृष्यमाणां च रजस्वलां च स्रस्तोत्तरीयामतदर्हमाणाम्‌ । वृकोदर: प्रेक्ष्य युधिष्ठिरं च चकार कोपं परमार्तरूप:

tāṁ kṛṣyamāṇāṁ ca rajasvalāṁ ca srastottarīyām atad-arhamāṇām | vṛkodaraḥ prekṣya yudhiṣṭhiraṁ ca cakāra kopaṁ paramārta-rūpaḥ ||

វៃសម្បាយនៈបាននិយាយថា៖ ឃើញក្រឹṣṇā ត្រូវគេអូសទាញ ខណៈនាងកំពុងមានរដូវ—អាវខាងលើរបស់នាងរអិលរលុង—ទោះនាងមិនសមនឹងទទួលការប្រមាថបែបនេះសោះ ក៏វೃកោទរ (ភីម) ត្រូវទុក្ខសោកដ៏ខ្លាំងចាប់យក។ គាត់មើលទៅកាន់យុធិṣ្ឋិរ ហើយផ្ទុះកំហឹងយ៉ាងសាហាវ ដោយចិត្តឈឺចាប់ជ្រាលជ្រៅចំពោះការបំពានលើកិត្តិយស និងធម៌នៅចំពោះមុខ។

ताम्her
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
कृष्यमाणाम्being dragged
कृष्यमाणाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकृष्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular, Present passive participle (शानच्), passive sense
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रजस्वलाम्menstruating
रजस्वलाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरजस्वला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
स्रस्तslipped, fallen down
स्रस्त:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्रस्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), adjectival
उत्तरीयाम्upper garment
उत्तरीयाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तरीय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अतदर्हमाणाम्not deserving that (treatment)
अतदर्हमाणाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-तद्-अर्ह
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ) of √अर्ह् with negation
वृकोदरःVṛkodara (Bhīma)
वृकोदरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृकोदर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रेक्ष्यhaving seen
प्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-ईक्ष्
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्)
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चकारmade, became
चकार:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
कोपम्anger
कोपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकोप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
परमsupreme, intense
परम:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आर्तdistressed, pained
आर्त:
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रूपःin form; having the nature
रूपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī)
V
Vṛkodara (Bhīma)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
U
uttarīya (upper garment)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical collapse that occurs when a vulnerable person’s dignity is violated in public and elders remain passive. Bhīma’s anguish and anger underscore that dharma is not merely personal virtue but a social duty: protecting the undeserving from humiliation and resisting adharma, especially when power structures enable abuse.

In the Kuru assembly after the dice-game, Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā) is forcibly dragged in a state of menstruation, her upper cloth slipping. Bhīma (Vṛkodara) witnesses this and, looking toward Yudhiṣṭhira—whose gambling loss has precipitated the crisis—erupts in furious, grief-stricken anger.