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Agni Purana — Sahitya-shastra, Shloka 1

Chapter 342: शब्दालङ्काराः

Verbal/Sound-based Ornaments

इत्य् आग्नेये महापुराणे अलङ्कारे अभिनयादिनिरूपणं नामैकचत्वारिंशदधिकत्रिशततमो ऽध्यायः अथ द्विचत्वारिंशदधिकत्रिशततमो ऽध्यायः शब्दालङ्काराः अग्निरुचाच स्यादावृत्तिरनुप्रासो वर्णानां पदवाक्ययोः एकवर्णानेकवर्णावृत्तेर्वर्णगुणो द्विधा

ity āgneye mahāpurāṇe alaṅkāre abhinayādinirūpaṇaṃ nāmaikacatvāriṃśadadhikatriśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ atha dvicatvāriṃśadadhikatriśatatamo 'dhyāyaḥ śabdālaṅkārāḥ agnirucāca syādāvṛttiranuprāso varṇānāṃ padavākyayoḥ ekavarṇānekavarṇāvṛttervarṇaguṇo dvidhā

ដូច្នេះ ក្នុង អគ្និមហាបុរាណៈ ជំពូកទី៣៤១ ដែលមាននាម «ការពិពណ៌នាអំពីការសម្ដែង និងប្រធានបទពាក់ព័ន្ធ» ក្នុងផ្នែកអលង្ការ បានបញ្ចប់។ ឥឡូវចាប់ផ្តើម ជំពូកទី៣៤២ «អលង្ការពាក្យ/សំឡេង»។ ព្រះអគ្និបានមានព្រះវាចា៖ អនុប្រាសៈ គឺការធ្វើឲ្យសូរសព្ទ (វណ្ណៈ) កើតមានការធ្វើម្តងទៀត (អាវ្រឹត្តិ) ក្នុងពាក្យ និងប្រយោគ; ដោយការធ្វើម្តងទៀតនៃវណ្ណៈតែមួយ ឬវណ្ណៈច្រើន អលង្ការផ្នែកវណ្ណៈ (វណ្ណគុណ) មានពីរប្រភេទ។

itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, इति-शब्दः (quotative particle)
āgneyein the Agneya (Purāṇa)
āgneye:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootāgneya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; विशेषणम्
mahāpurāṇein the Mahāpurāṇa
mahāpurāṇe:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahāpurāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन; समासः—महৎ + पुराण (कर्मधारय)
alaṅkārein (the section on) poetics/ornamentation
alaṅkāre:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootalaṅkāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन
abhinaya-ādi-nirūpaṇamthe exposition of acting etc.
abhinaya-ādi-nirūpaṇam:
Karta (कर्ता/heading)
TypeNoun
Rootabhinaya + ādi + nirūpaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—अभिनयादीनां निरूपणम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
nāmanamed
nāma:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāma (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; नाम-शब्दः (designation marker)
eka-catvāriṃśad-adhika-triśatatamaḥthe three-hundred-forty-first (chapter)
eka-catvāriṃśad-adhika-triśatatamaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rooteka + catvāriṃśat + adhika + triśata + tama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषणम्; समासः—(त्रिशतं + अधिकं + एकचत्वारिंशत्) इति संख्या-समाहारः + तम (ordinal)
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
athanow/then
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/discourse marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; आरम्भार्थक/अनन्तरार्थक (then/now)
dvi-catvāriṃśad-adhika-triśatatamaḥthe three-hundred-forty-second (chapter)
dvi-catvāriṃśad-adhika-triśatatamaḥ:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvi + catvāriṃśat + adhika + triśata + tama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; क्रमवाचक-विशेषणम्; समासः—(त्रिशतं + अधिकं + द्विचत्वारिंशत्) + तम
adhyāyaḥchapter
adhyāyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadhyāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
śabda-alaṅkārāḥverbal ornaments (figures of sound)
śabda-alaṅkārāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/topic)
TypeNoun
Rootśabda + alaṅkāra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; समासः—शब्दानाम् अलङ्काराः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
agniḥAgni
agniḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootagni (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
syātis/should be
syāt:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootas (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
āvṛttiḥrepetition
āvṛttiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/defined term)
TypeNoun
Rootāvṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
anuprāsaḥalliteration (anuprāsa)
anuprāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootanuprāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; āvṛttiḥ इत्यस्य विशेष्य-समन्वयः (appositional definition)
varṇānāmof sounds/letters
varṇānām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन
pada-vākyayoḥof words and sentences
pada-vākyayoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootpada + vākya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th), द्विवचन; समासः—पदं च वाक्यं च (द्वन्द्व)
eka-varṇa-aneka-varṇa-āvṛtteḥof repetition of one sound and of many sounds
eka-varṇa-aneka-varṇa-āvṛtteḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rooteka-varṇa + aneka-varṇa + āvṛtti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गे, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; समासः—एकवर्णावृत्तिः च अनेकवर्णावृत्तिः च (द्वन्द्व), तस्याः षष्ठी
varṇa-guṇaḥthe quality/figure based on sounds
varṇa-guṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvarṇa + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; समासः—वर्णानां गुणः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
dvidhāin two ways
dvidhā:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdvidhā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (in two ways)

Lord Agni

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Alamkara","secondary_vidya":"Natya","practical_application":"Define and classify śabdālaṅkāras (sound-ornaments) for composing and evaluating poetry, and for training reciters/actors to produce intended sonic effects.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Definition","entry_title":"Anuprāsa (Alliteration) as Varṇa-āvṛtti; Twofold Varṇa-guṇa","lookup_keywords":["anuprāsa","āvṛtti","varṇa-guṇa","śabdālaṅkāra","padavākya"],"quick_summary":"Anuprāsa is defined as repetition of phonemes in words/sentences. Sound-ornament is classified into two types based on repetition of one phoneme versus multiple phonemes."}

Alamkara Type: Anuprasa

Concept: Śabda as a craft-object: patterned repetition produces aesthetic ornament.

Application: Use controlled phoneme repetition to heighten musicality and memorability in verse, dialogue, and performance recitation.

Khanda Section: Sahitya-shastra (Alankara-shastra / Kavya-śāstra)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Agni as teacher seated in a sage-assembly, pointing to a palm-leaf manuscript where repeated syllables are highlighted, introducing śabdālaṅkāras and defining anuprāsa.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala temple mural style, Agni-deva with radiant halo teaching rishis, palm-leaf manuscript with repeated syllables marked, warm ochres and reds, stylized faces, flat perspective, ornate borders.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting, Agni seated on a pedestal with gold-leaf halo and jewelry, sages listening, manuscript and stylus in foreground, rich reds/greens, embossed gold detailing emphasizing ‘anuprāsa’ as repeated letters.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, instructional tableau: Agni pointing to written examples of repeated phonemes on a manuscript, clean linework, soft shading, muted palette, didactic labels for ‘āvṛtti’ and ‘varṇa-guṇa’.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, courtly scholarly assembly with Agni as luminous figure, scribes and poets, manuscript showing repeated letters, fine brushwork, architectural pavilion, delicate floral margins."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Saraswati","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: इत्य्→इति; नामैक→नाम + एक; ऽध्यायः→अध्यायः; अग्निरुचाच→अग्निः + उवाच; स्यादावृत्तिरनुप्रासो→स्यात् + आवृत्तिः + अनुप्रासः; पदवाक्ययोः (द्वन्द्व) ; एकवर्णानेकवर्णावृत्तेर्वर्णगुणो→एकवर्ण + अनेकवर्ण + आवृत्तेः + वर्णगुणः

Related Themes: Agni Purana Sahitya-shastra: chapters on alaṅkāra-bheda, guṇa-doṣa, rīti/vṛtti, chandas-nirūpaṇa (adjacent chapters around 341–343)

A
Agni
A
Agni Purana
A
Anuprāsa
Ś
Śabdālaṅkāra

FAQs

It gives a technical definition from Alaṅkāra-śāstra: anuprāsa (alliteration) is the repetition of phonemes in words and sentences, classified as single-sound or multi-sound repetition.

Beyond mythology and ritual, the Agni Purana also codifies Sanskrit literary science; this verse opens a systematic chapter on sound-based poetic ornaments, showing the text’s coverage of aesthetics and linguistic theory.

Indirectly, it supports dharmic learning: mastering śāstra such as poetics refines speech and recitation, aiding correct transmission of sacred and literary texts—considered meritorious as disciplined study (svādhyāya).