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Agni Purana — Dharma-shastra, Shloka 38

Śrāddha-kalpa-kathana

Exposition of the Śrāddha Procedure

मात्स्याविहारिणौरभ्रशाकुनच्छागपार्षतैर् इति छ दत्तैर् इहेति घ , ङ , ञ च मधुमुद्गान्नमेव वेति ङ सर्वमानन्त्यमश्नुते इति घ , ङ च स्वर्णमिति ख , छ च प्रवृत्तचक्रतां पुत्रान् वाणिज्यं प्रसुतां तथा अरोगित्वं यशो वीतशोकतां परमाङ्गतिं

mātsyāvihāriṇaurabhraśākunacchāgapārṣatair iti cha dattair iheti gha , ṅa , ña ca madhumudgānnameva veti ṅa sarvamānantyamaśnute iti gha , ṅa ca svarṇamiti kha , cha ca pravṛttacakratāṃ putrān vāṇijyaṃ prasutāṃ tathā arogitvaṃ yaśo vītaśokatāṃ paramāṅgatiṃ

ដោយការបរិច្ចាគ/បូជាអាហារដូចជា ត្រី សាច់ សត្វបក្សី សាច់ពពែ និងវត្ថុសមរម្យផ្សេងៗ—មនុស្សទទួលបានសម្បត្តិរុងរឿងនៅក្នុងលោកនេះ។ ដោយឧទ្ទិសទឹកឃ្មុំ សណ្តែកមុង និងអាហារចម្អិន—ទទួលបានភាពសម្បូរបែបមិនអស់មិនហត់គ្រប់ប្រការ។ ដោយឧទ្ទិសមាស—ទទួលបានសកម្មភាពរីកចម្រើន (កង់ការងារបង្វិល), កូនប្រុស, ជោគជ័យក្នុងពាណិជ្ជកម្ម, កូនចៅ, សុខភាពគ្មានជំងឺ, កេរ្តិ៍ឈ្មោះ, ស្ថានភាពគ្មានទុក្ខ, និងគតិដ៏ប្រសើរបំផុត។

मात्स्य-अविहारिणाby/with one who sports in fish (a fish-eater/one living by fishing)
मात्स्य-अविहारिणा:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootमात्स्य + अविहारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तृतीया (करण/सह)
उरभ्र-शाकुन-छाग-पार्षतैःwith rams, birds, goats, and (pārṣata-) animals
उरभ्र-शाकुन-छाग-पार्षतैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootउरभ्र + शाकुन + छाग + पार्षत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वसमासः (उरभ्रैः च शाकुनैः च छागैः च पार्षतैः च)
इतिthus/‘so’
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात (quotative particle)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
दत्तैःby things given
दत्तैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; ‘given (as gifts)’
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात (quotative particle)
textual marker ‘gha’
:
None (अकार्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootघ (अव्यय/संकेताक्षर)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/संकेत (manuscript marker)
textual marker ‘ṅa’
:
None (अकार्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootङ (अव्यय/संकेताक्षर)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/संकेत (manuscript marker)
textual marker ‘ña’
:
None (अकार्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootञ (अव्यय/संकेताक्षर)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/संकेत (manuscript marker)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)
मधु-मुद्ग-अन्नम्honey, green-gram, and food
मधु-मुद्ग-अन्नम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु + मुद्ग + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्वन्द्वसमासः (मधु च मुद्गाः च अन्नं च)
एवonly/indeed
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-निपात (restrictive particle)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्पार्थक-निपात (disjunctive particle)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
textual marker ‘ṅa’
:
None (अकार्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootङ (अव्यय/संकेताक्षर)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/संकेत
सर्वम्all/entire
सर्वम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (आनन्त्यम्)
आनन्त्यम्endlessness/infinity
आनन्त्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआनन्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
अश्नुतेattains/enjoys
अश्नुते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपदम्
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
textual marker ‘gha’
:
None (अकार्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootघ (अव्यय/संकेताक्षर)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/संकेत
textual marker ‘ṅa’
:
None (अकार्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootङ (अव्यय/संकेताक्षर)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/संकेत
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
स्वर्णम्gold
स्वर्णम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण-निपात
textual marker ‘kha’
:
None (अकार्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootख (अव्यय/संकेताक्षर)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/संकेत
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
textual marker ‘cha’
:
None (अकार्य)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootछ (अव्यय/संकेताक्षर)
Formपाठ-चिह्न/संकेत
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-निपात
प्रवृत्त-चक्रताम्state of having the wheel set in motion / active enterprise
प्रवृत्त-चक्रताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रवृत्त + चक्रता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (प्रवृत्ता चक्रता)
पुत्रान्sons
पुत्रान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
वाणिज्यम्trade/commerce
वाणिज्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवाणिज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
प्रसुताम्a woman who has borne (children) / fertility
प्रसुताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रसूता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (स्त्री-विशेषः/स्त्रीसन्तानवती)
तथाlikewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb)
अरोगित्वम्freedom from disease/health
अरोगित्वम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootअरोगित्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
यशःfame
यशः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन (यशस्-शब्दः; रूपम् ‘यशः’)
वीत-शोकताम्state of being free from sorrow
वीत-शोकताम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवीत + शोकता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (वीता शोकता)
परम-अङ्गतिम्the highest attainment
परम-अङ्गतिम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपरम + अङ्गति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (परमा अङ्गतिः)

Lord Agni (in discourse to Sage Vasiṣṭha, as typical for this section of the Agni Purāṇa)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Dharmashastra","secondary_vidya":"Arthashastra","practical_application":"Dāna-phala mapping: selecting specific food/commodity gifts (fish/meat/birds/goat; honey; mudga; cooked food; gold) to seek targeted outcomes—prosperity, inexhaustible resources, health, fame, trade success, and sorrowlessness.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Dāna-phala: anna-madhu-mudga-suvarṇa-dānasya viśeṣa-phalam","lookup_keywords":["dana-phala","madhu-dana","mudga-dana","suvarna-dana","arogitva"],"quick_summary":"The verse assigns fruits to particular gifts: certain foods yield worldly prosperity; honey/mung/cooked food yield inexhaustible abundance; gold yields enterprise, sons, trade success, health, fame, freedom from sorrow, and the highest state."}

Concept: Karma-phala linkage in dāna: specific dravya carries specific saṃskāra/utility, hence differentiated fruits (bhoga, ārogya, yaśas, putra, paramā gati).

Application: Match gifts to intent: for general prosperity give suitable foods; for sustained abundance give honey/mung/cooked food; for high-impact social/economic uplift give gold—within one’s means and with proper recipient/occasion.

Khanda Section: Dāna-dharma (Charity, gifts, and their फल/merit)

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A sequence of donation scenes: baskets of fish/meat/birds/goat offered; jars of honey; bowls of mung and cooked rice; gold coins and ornaments given—each scene paired with symbolic outcomes: overflowing granary, thriving trade wheel, healthy family, fame banner, serene sorrowless figure, and a luminous ‘supreme state’.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural triptych: donors offering food items and gold, stylized symbols of abundance (overflowing pots), a rotating wheel for enterprise, a healthy radiant family, calm sorrowless face; bold outlines, earthy palette.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting series with gold-leaf emphasis on suvarṇa-dāna: ornate gold coins, embossed vessels of honey, rich textiles; symbolic haloed prosperity and health motifs; devotional opulence.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore painting, instructional panel layout: labeled gifts (matsya, māṃsa, śakuna, chāga, madhu, mudga, anna, suvarṇa) with arrows to results (aiśvarya, ānantya, ārogya, yaśas, vītaśoka, paramā gati), clean composition.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature: bustling charitable distribution in a market-courtyard—food baskets, honey jars, and gold gifts; merchants and families; a symbolic ‘wheel of commerce’ motif; fine detail and naturalistic rendering."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Madhyamavati","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: मात्स्याविहारिणौरभ्र… → मात्स्य-अविहारिणा + उरभ्र-…; शाकुनच्छाग… → शाकुन + छाग…; दत्तैर् इह → दत्तैः + इह; सर्वमानन्त्यमश्नुते → सर्वम् + आनन्त्यम् + अश्नुते; वीतशोकतां → वीत-शोकताम्; परमाङ्गतिं → परम-अङ्गतिम्. पाठे ‘घ, ङ, ञ, ख, छ’ इत्यादयः संकेताक्षराणि (पाठभेद/टीका-चिह्न) इव दृश्यन्ते, पदार्थे न प्रवर्तन्ते.

Related Themes: Agni Purana dāna-vibhāga and dāna-phala catalogues in dāna-dharma sections (including 163)

A
Agni
D
Dāna (charitable giving)
S
Svarṇa (gold)
V
Vāṇijya (commerce)

FAQs

It teaches dāna-vidhi in a practical way: specific categories of gifts (foods like honey, mung, cooked meals; and valuables like gold) are linked to specific outcomes such as worldly prosperity, inexhaustible abundance, health, fame, progeny, and the highest attainment.

By mapping concrete household actions (what to give) to results (economic success, trade prosperity, health, social reputation, spiritual progress), it functions like a compact dharma-manual—showing the Purāṇa’s wide scope beyond mythology into applied ethics and social economy.

The verse frames giving as karma that yields both iha-phala (benefit in this life) and higher spiritual fruit—culminating in paramā gati—implying that generosity purifies, sustains dharma, and leads toward the supreme goal.