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Agni Purana — Bhuvanakosha & Tirtha-mahatmya, Shloka 2

प्रयागमाहात्म्यम्

The Greatness of Prayāga

च गङ्गातीरसमुद्भूतमृद्धारो सो ऽघहार्कवदिति ख , ग , झ च गङ्गातीरसमुद्भूतमृदं मूर्धा विभर्ति यः विभर्ति रूपं सोर्कस्य तमोनाशाय केवलमिति ङ भक्तिमुक्तिफलप्रदमिति ग भुक्तिमुक्तिप्रदायकमिति झ सरितः सागराः सिद्धा गन्धर्वसराप्सस् तथा तत्र त्रीण्यग्निकुण्डानि तेषां मध्ये तु जाह्नवी

ca gaṅgātīrasamudbhūtamṛddhāro so 'ghahārkavaditi kha , ga , jha ca gaṅgātīrasamudbhūtamṛdaṃ mūrdhā vibharti yaḥ vibharti rūpaṃ sorkasya tamonāśāya kevalamiti ṅa bhaktimuktiphalapradamiti ga bhuktimuktipradāyakamiti jha saritaḥ sāgarāḥ siddhā gandharvasarāpsas tathā tatra trīṇyagnikuṇḍāni teṣāṃ madhye tu jāhnavī

អ្នកណាដែលយកដី/ល្បាប់កើតពីច្រាំងទន្លេគង្គាមកពាក់ ឬកាន់ទុក នោះក្លាយជាអ្នកបំបាត់បាប ដូចព្រះអាទិត្យ។ អ្នកណាដែលដាក់ដីកើតពីច្រាំងគង្គាលើក្បាល នោះស្មើនឹងកាន់ពន្លឺរបស់ព្រះអាទិត្យ ដើម្បីបំផ្លាញភាពងងឹត (អវិជ្ជា និងមលិន) តែប៉ុណ្ណោះ។ វាប្រទានផលនៃភក្តិ និងមោក្សៈ ហើយក៏ប្រទានទាំងភោគសម្បត្តិលោកិយ និងមោក្សៈ។ នៅទីនោះ ទន្លេ និងសមុទ្រត្រូវបានប្រកាសថាបរិសុទ្ធ; សិទ្ធៈ គន្ធវៈ និងអប្សរាក៏ដូចគ្នា។ នៅទីនោះមានអគ្គិកុណ្ឌ ៣ ហើយក្នុងចំណោមនោះមានជាហ្នវី (គង្គា)។

caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction (समुच्चय)
gaṅgā-tīra-samudbhūta-mṛt-dhāraḥone who bears clay arisen from Gaṅgā’s bank
gaṅgā-tīra-samudbhūta-mṛt-dhāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgaṅgā + tīra + samudbhūta + mṛt + dhāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; multi-member तत्पुरुष: गङ्गातीरात् समुद्भूता मृद् यस्य सः/मृद्-धारः
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun
agha-hādestroyer of sin
agha-hā:
Karta (कर्ता/predicate-noun)
TypeNoun
Rootagha + hā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुष (अघं हन्ति इति)
arka-vatlike the sun
arka-vat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootarka + vat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya; तुल्योपमा-प्रत्यय (वत्) used adverbially
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation marker
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; conjunction
gaṅgā-tīra-samudbhūtamarisen from Gaṅgā’s bank
gaṅgā-tīra-samudbhūtam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootgaṅgā + tīra + samudbhūta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; past passive participle (क्त) used adjectivally; qualifying मृदम्
mṛdamclay/earth
mṛdam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmṛd (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (mṛd-śabda; object)
mūrdhā(on the) head
mūrdhā:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmūrdhan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया) Singular used as location-on-head sense; or Nominative singular by form; here intended 'on (his) head' (मूर्ध्नि)
vibhartibears/carries
vibharti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhṛ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun
vibhartibears
vibharti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootbhṛ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person, Singular
rūpamform
rūpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
arkasyaof the sun
arkasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootarka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
tamaḥ-nāśāyafor the destruction of darkness
tamaḥ-nāśāya:
Sampradana (सम्प्रदान/purpose)
TypeNoun
Roottamas + nāśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Dative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; तत्पुरुष (तमसः नाशः)
kevalamonly/solely
kevalam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkevala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya; adverbial use (केवलम्)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation marker
bhakti-mukti-phala-pradamgranting the fruit of devotion and liberation
bhakti-mukti-phala-pradam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhakti + mukti + phala + prada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; adjective (…pradam) in quoted variant
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation marker
bhukti-mukti-pradāyakambestowing enjoyment and liberation
bhukti-mukti-pradāyakam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhukti + mukti + pradāyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; adjective in quoted variant
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; quotation marker
saritaḥrivers
saritaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsarit (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural
sāgarāḥoceans
sāgarāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsāgara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
siddhāḥare accomplished/are present as perfected beings
siddhāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootsidh (धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Plural; predicative
gandharva-sarāpsaḥGandharvas and Apsarases
gandharva-sarāpsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgandharva + apsaras (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; द्वन्द्व (गन्धर्वाश्च अप्सरसश्च)
tathāalso/likewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb/conjunction (तथा)
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb of place
trīṇithree
trīṇi:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottri (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Plural; numeral adjective qualifying अग्निकुण्डानि
agni-kuṇḍānifire-pits
agni-kuṇḍāni:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootagni + kuṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; तत्पुरुष (अग्नेः कुण्डानि)
teṣāmof them
teṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormGenitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
madhyein the middle
madhye:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmadhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; used as postposition-like 'in the middle'
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle (तु) contrast/emphasis
jāhnavīJāhnavī (Gaṅgā)
jāhnavī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootjāhnavī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; name of Gaṅgā

Lord Agni (narrating the Agni Purana’s tirtha-mahatmya to Sage Vasiṣṭha)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Vrata","secondary_vidya":"Mantra","practical_application":"Tīrtha-prayoga: applying Gaṅgā-taṭa-mṛd (sacred riverbank clay) as a purificatory act; framing it as prāyaścitta and bhakti-support during pilgrimage rites.","sutra_style":false}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"Procedure","entry_title":"Gaṅgā-taṭa-mṛd-dhāraṇa (bearing Gaṅgā-bank clay) and Prayāga agni-kuṇḍa triad","lookup_keywords":["Ganga-bank clay","mṛd-dhāraṇa","aghahara","agni-kunda","Jāhnavī"],"quick_summary":"Bearing clay from the Gaṅgā’s bank is praised as sin-destroying like the Sun and as darkness-dispelling; Prayāga is further described as a sanctifying locus with celestial beings and three agni-kuṇḍas with Jāhnavī central."}

Alamkara Type: Upamā (sin-removal like the Sun)

Concept: External purity-symbols (mṛd, snāna, agni-kuṇḍa) are mapped to inner purification: darkness (tamas/avidyā) is dispelled through tīrtha-contact allied with devotion.

Application: During yātrā: take a small amount of clean riverbank clay respectfully, apply as tilaka or carry as a vow-token; pair with japa/dhyāna to convert outer act into inner cleansing.

Khanda Section: Tirtha-mahatmya (Sacred Geography and Pilgrimage Merit)

Primary Rasa: Adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: Shanta

Type: Tirtha

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Pilgrims at the Gaṅgā bank lifting sacred clay to the head; a radiant solar disc above; nearby three agni-kuṇḍas with flames, with Jāhnavī/river stream depicted centrally; celestial beings hovering in attendance.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural: devotees applying Gaṅgā-taṭa-mṛd on forehead and head; stylized Sun with strong halo; three fire-pits in a row with ornate rims; gandharvas and apsarases in the sky; saturated reds, ochres, greens.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore: central Sun motif with gold radiance; foreground pilgrims holding clay; three agni-kuṇḍas with gold highlights; decorative river waves; embossed jewelry and halos for celestial attendants.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore: instructional composition—step-like depiction of taking clay, placing on head, then approaching agni-kuṇḍas; fine lines, soft colors, minimal background clutter for clarity.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature: naturalistic riverbank scene with pilgrims; small blazing fire-pits; delicate rendering of clay in hands; celestial figures in clouds; detailed landscape with boats and trees."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: so 'ghahā → saḥ agha-hā; sorkasya → saḥ arkasya; gandharvasarāpsas → gandharva-sarāpsaḥ; trīṇyagnikuṇḍāni → trīṇi agnikuṇḍāni. Some items (kha/ga/jha/ṅa) are manuscript variant markers and omitted from pada list.

Related Themes: Agni Purāṇa: Gaṅgā-māhātmya (110) for Gaṅgā’s purificatory powers; Agni Purāṇa: Prayāga-māhātmya continuation for specific snāna/dāna fruits and site-names

G
Gaṅgā (Jāhnavī)
A
Arka (Sun)
S
Siddhas
G
Gandharvas
A
Apsarases
A
Agni-kuṇḍa (fire-pit)

FAQs

It teaches a tīrtha-prayoga: wearing or carrying on the head the clay/earth from the Gaṅgā’s bank as a purificatory act, described as sin-destroying and spiritually illuminating.

Alongside theology, it catalogs practical pilgrimage observances and sacred-site claims (tīrtha-mahātmya), linking material acts (tīra-mṛd-dhāraṇa) to graded results (bhakti, bhukti, mukti) and mapping sacred geography (agnikuṇḍas, Jāhnavī).

The act is framed as agha-hara (sin-removing) and tamonāśa (destroying inner darkness), promising both worldly welfare (bhukti) and ultimate liberation (mukti) through contact with Gaṅgā-associated sanctity.