Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 20

Devanagari script

सुरपितृमनुजयक्षसेवितमसुरनिशाचरसिद्धवंदितम् । वरकनकहुताशनप्रभं त्वमपि नम हिताय भास्करम्

Transliteration

surapitṛmanujayakṣasevitamasuraniśācarasiddhavaṃditam | varakanakahutāśanaprabhaṃ tvamapi nama hitāya bhāskaram

Translation

自らの安寧のために、バースカラ（太陽神）に礼拝せよ。神々、祖霊（ピトリ）、人々、ヤクシャに仕えられ、アスラ、夜行の者、シッダたちに讃えられ、妙なる黄金と燃えさかる火のごとき光輝を放つ御方に。

Word by Word

• सुर: gods
• सुर: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• पितृ: manes/ancestors
• पितृ: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• मनुज: humans
• मनुज: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• यक्ष: yakṣas
• यक्ष: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• सेवितम्: served by
• सेवितम्: Visheshana (Qualifier of implied bhāskaram)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सेव् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘सेवित’ = served/attended

• असुर: asuras
• असुर: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• निशाचर: night-roamers (demons)
• निशाचर: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निशा (प्रातिपदिक) + चर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (निशायां चरः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• सिद्ध: siddhas
• सिद्ध: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, बहुवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• वंदितम्: praised by
• वंदितम्: Visheshana (Qualifier of implied bhāskaram)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वन्द् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘वन्दित’ = praised/worshipped

• वर: excellent
• वर: Visheshana (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: विशेषण, पुं/नपुंसक, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• कनक: gold
• कनक: Visheshya (Qualifier within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कनक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• हुताशन: fire (Agni)
• हुताशन: Upamāna (Standard of comparison within compound)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हुत (प्रातिपदिक) + अशन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष (हुतं अश्नाति/हुताशनः = अग्निः), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (compound-member; stem form)

• प्रभम्: radiant like
• प्रभम्: Visheshana (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समासान्त (…प्रभ = having the radiance of …), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘…-prabham’ qualifying bhāskaram

• त्वम्: you
• त्वम्: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुष-प्रयोग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), समुच्चय/अपि = also/even

• नम: bow (salute)
• नम: Kriya (Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नम् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (आज्ञार्थ), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘नम’ = bow (you)

• हिताय: for welfare
• हिताय: Sampradana (Purpose/Beneficiary)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; प्रयोजन-द्योतक (for the welfare)

• भास्करम्: the Sun (Bhāskara)
• भास्करम्: Karma (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भास्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

Speaker

Narrator (within Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya context; likely Śiva to Devī)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Sages

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Bhāskara blazing like molten gold and sacrificial fire; around him, devas, pitṛs, humans, yakṣas, asuras, rākṣasas, and siddhas arranged in concentric reverent circles, all offering salutations.

Characters & Entities

• Bhāskara (Sūrya)
• Devas
• Pitṛs
• Yakṣas
• Asuras
• Niśācaras
• Siddhas

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Sūrya is universally revered across realms; bowing to him aligns one with welfare, vitality, and cosmic order.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The praise is embedded in the Prabhāsa-kṣetra-māhātmya, linking Sūrya-stuti to the sanctity of Prabhāsa.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Namaskāra and worship (stuti) of Bhāskara explicitly for one’s hita (well-being).