Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 123

Devanagari script

एवमेव पितॄणां च आगम्य स्वे च मन्दिरे । पिण्डप्रदानपूर्वं तु श्राद्धं कृत्वा विधानतः । पितरस्तस्य तुष्टा वै भवन्ति ब्रह्मणो दिनम्

Transliteration

evameva pitṝṇāṃ ca āgamya sve ca mandire | piṇḍapradānapūrvaṃ tu śrāddhaṃ kṛtvā vidhānataḥ | pitarastasya tuṣṭā vai bhavanti brahmaṇo dinam

Translation

同様に、自らの家に帰ったなら、規定に従い祖霊のためにシュラーダ（śrāddha）を、まずピンダ（piṇḍa）の供物から始めて修すべきである。彼の祖先は「ブラフマーの一日」のあいだ満ち足りている。

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• एवम्: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (प्रकारवाचक-क्रियाविशेषण) = indeclinable (manner adverb)

• एव: indeed/only
• एव: Avadhāraṇa (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (अवधारण-निपात) = indeclinable (emphatic particle)

• पितॄणाम्: of the ancestors (pitṛs)
• पितॄणाम्: Sambandha (Genitival relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), बहुवचनम् = Genitive plural

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चयबोधक-निपात)

• आगम्य: having come
• आगम्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (Prior action/पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) = having come/after coming; उपसर्गः आ-

• स्वे: in one’s own
• स्वे: Adhikaraṇa (Location)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचनम् = Locative singular; विशेषणम् (to ‘mandire’)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (समुच्चयबोधक-निपात)

• मन्दिरे: in the house/temple (home)
• मन्दिरे: Adhikaraṇa (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्दिर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; सप्तमी (अधिकरण), एकवचनम् = Locative singular

• पिण्डप्रदानपूर्वम्: preceded by offering of piṇḍas
• पिण्डप्रदानपूर्वम्: Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier of object)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रदान (प्रातिपदिक) + पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचनम् = Accusative singular; विशेषणम् (to ‘śrāddham’); समासः: पिण्डप्रदानस्य पूर्वम् (genitive tatpuruṣa)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha-bodhaka (Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (विरोध/अन्वय-निपात) = indeclinable (particle)

• श्राद्धम्: śrāddha rite
• श्राद्धम्: Karman (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्राद्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचनम् = Accusative singular

• कृत्वा: having performed
• कृत्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (Prior action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) = having done/performed

• विधानतः: according to the prescribed procedure
• विधानतः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Manner)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधान (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित)
• Form: अव्यय (तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त) = indeclinable adverb ‘according to rule’

• पितरः: the ancestors
• पितरः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (कर्ता), बहुवचनम् = Nominative plural

• तस्य: of him/of that person
• तस्य: Sambandha (Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक; षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचनम् = Genitive singular

• तुष्टाः: satisfied/pleased
• तुष्टाः: Kartṛ-samānādhikaraṇa (Subject complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तुष्ट (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; तुष् धातोः क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा, बहुवचनम् = Nominative plural; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle) used adjectivally

• वै: indeed
• वै: Avadhāraṇa (Emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (निश्चयार्थक-निपात) = indeclinable (emphatic)

• भवन्ति: become/are
• भवन्ति: Kriyā (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present indicative), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुषः, बहुवचनम् = 3rd person plural

• ब्रह्मणः: of Brahmā
• ब्रह्मणः: Sambandha (Genitive qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध), एकवचनम् = Genitive singular

• दिनम्: for a day (a ‘day of Brahmā’)
• दिनम्: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (Time-extent/कालाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया (कर्म), एकवचनम् = Accusative singular (duration/extent)

Speaker

Skanda (deduced from Prabhāsa-kṣetra māhātmya narrative style)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra (as the motivating tīrtha context)

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Returning home after pilgrimage, the householder performs śrāddha: piṇḍas arranged on darbha, water for tarpaṇa, brāhmaṇas seated; the unseen ancestors are implied as satisfied, luminous presences.

Characters & Entities

• Pitṛ
• Śrāddha
• Piṇḍa
• Brahmā

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Householder dharma includes gratitude to ancestors; properly performed śrāddha yields profound and enduring pitṛ-satisfaction.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The śrāddha instruction is situated within the Prabhāsa-kṣetra māhātmya, which amplifies the merit of such rites.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Perform śrāddha at home according to injunctions, beginning with piṇḍa offerings to the ancestors.