Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 22

Devanagari script

स भार्यासहितस्तत्र शिवरात्रिमुपोषितः । तस्य भार्याऽभवत्साध्वी रूपयौवनसंवृता

Transliteration

sa bhāryāsahitastatra śivarātrimupoṣitaḥ | tasya bhāryā'bhavatsādhvī rūpayauvanasaṃvṛtā

Translation

そこで彼は妻とともにシヴァラートリーの斎戒を守った。妻は貞淑なるサードヴィーで、美貌と若さに恵まれていた。

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• भार्या-सहितः: accompanied by (his) wife
• भार्या-सहितः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भार्या (प्रातिपदिक) + सहित (कृदन्त; √सह् (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तृतीया-तत्पुरुष (instrumental sense: ‘with wife’); ‘सहित’ = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle used adjectivally)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)

• शिव-रात्रिम्: the night of Śiva (Śivarātri)
• शिव-रात्रिम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक) + रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (‘of Śiva’ + ‘night’)

• उपोषितः: having observed a fast (kept the vigil)
• उपोषितः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: उपोषित (कृदन्त; उप-√वस्/√उष्? परम्परया ‘उपवास’ अर्थे; क्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past participle) ‘fasted/kept vigil/observed fast’

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• भार्या: (his) wife
• भार्या: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भार्या (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• अभवत्: became
• अभवत्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• साध्वी: virtuous, chaste
• साध्वी: Visheshya-predicative (Predicate adjective/विधेय-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: साध्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• रूप-यौवन-संवृता: endowed with beauty and youth
• रूप-यौवन-संवृता: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रूप (प्रातिपदिक) + यौवन (प्रातिपदिक) + संवृत (कृदन्त; सम्-√वृ (धातु) + क्त)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (रूपयौवनयोः संवृता = endowed/covered with beauty and youth); ‘संवृता’ = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त

Speaker

Unspecified narrator within Prabhāsakṣetra Māhātmya (deductively: Sūta/Lomaharṣaṇa narrating to sages)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Rājñī (queen)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Dhana and his wife together taking the Śivarātri vow—hands joined in saṅkalpa, simple fasting attire, offerings arranged, faces serene and disciplined.

Characters & Entities

• Śivarātri
• Prabhāsa
• Dhana (implied)
• Dhana’s wife (unnamed)

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Vrata observed together by husband and wife is framed as harmonizing household life with devotion to Śiva.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Prabhāsa Kṣetra, as the setting for Śivarātri observance.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Śivarātri upavāsa (fasting), undertaken by the couple.