Skanda Purana — Prabhasa Khanda, Shloka 5

Devanagari script

व्रतोपवासनियमैश्चितेंद्रियनिरोधिभिः । कृच्छ्र सांतपनैश्चान्यैस्तथा चांद्रायणादिभिः

Transliteration

vratopavāsaniyamaiściteṃdriyanirodhibhiḥ | kṛcchra sāṃtapanaiścānyaistathā cāṃdrāyaṇādibhiḥ

Translation

誓戒（vrata）、断食、そして感官を制するニヤマによって；また kṛcchra や sāṃtāpana などの苦行によって；さらに cāndrāyaṇa 等の行法によって—（身の実践としてのバクティが示される）。

Word by Word

• व्रतोपवासनियमैः: by vows, fasts, and observances
• व्रतोपवासनियमैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत + उपवास + नियम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वसमासः

• चितेन्द्रियनिरोधिभिः: by those that restrain the senses
• चितेन्द्रियनिरोधिभिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चित + इन्द्रिय + निरोधिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषसमासः (चितानि इन्द्रियाणि निरोध्यन्ते यैः) विशेषणम्

• कृच्छ्र: (the) Kṛcchra penance
• कृच्छ्र: Karma/Instrument (Contextual)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृच्छ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; (अत्र समुच्चय-गणनायां नामरूपेण)

• सान्तपनैः: by Sāntapana (penances)
• सान्तपनैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सान्तपन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अन्यैः: by other (ones)
• अन्यैः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषणम्

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha/Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: likewise)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha/Connector
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-बोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• आन्द्रायणादिभिः: by Cāndrāyaṇa and other (penances)
• आन्द्रायणादिभिः: Karana (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चान्द्रायण + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषसमासः (चान्द्रायण-आदि)

Speaker

Īśvara (Śiva)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Prabhāsa-kṣetra

Type: kshetra

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A pilgrim-ascetic at Prabhāsa observes a strict fast, seated on kuśa-grass, senses restrained, with the sea-breeze and a distant Śiva shrine; attendants prepare simple vrata items and water for ācamana.

Characters & Entities

• Vrata
• Upavāsa
• Kṛcchra
• Sāṃtāpana
• Cāndrāyaṇa

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Devotion is not only inner and verbal; it is also embodied through vows, fasting, and disciplined restraint.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The practices are taught within the Prabhāsa-kṣetra māhātmya setting, supporting tīrtha-centered dharma.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Vratas, upavāsas, niyamas, sense-restraint, and austerities like kṛcchra, sāṃtāpana, and cāndrāyaṇa.