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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 1

Devanagari script

सूत उवाच । तस्मादेषा महाराज शिवरात्रिर्विपश्चिता । कर्तव्या पुरुषेणात्र लोकद्वयमभीप्सुना

Transliteration

sūta uvāca | tasmādeṣā mahārāja śivarātrirvipaścitā | kartavyā puruṣeṇātra lokadvayamabhīpsunā

Translation

スータは言った。「それゆえ、大王よ、この洞察に満ちたシヴァラートリー（Śivarātri）の誓戒は、此世と来世という二つの世界の安寧を願う者が、必ず修すべきである。」

Word by Word
sūtaḥSūta
sūtaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsūta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (Verb/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (वच् धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
tasmāttherefore
tasmāt:
Apadana (Ablative/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुं/नपुंसक, पञ्चमी (ablative), एकवचन; हेत्वर्थे (therefore/from that)
eṣāthis (she/this one)
eṣā:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (एतद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
mahā-rājaO great king
mahā-rāja:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (great king)
śivarātriḥŚivarātri
śivarātriḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśivarātri (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
vipaścitāwise
vipaścitā:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootvipaścit (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (wise/learned)
kartavyāshould be performed/observed
kartavyā:
Kriya (Obligation/क्रिया)
TypeAdjective
Root√kṛ (कृ धातु) + tavya (तव्य प्रत्यय)
Formकृत्य-प्रत्ययान्त (gerundive/obligatory), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय (to be done/should be observed)
puruṣeṇaby a man
puruṣeṇa:
Karana (Agent-in-instrumental/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpuruṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
atrahere
atra:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatra (अव्यय)
Formदेशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb: 'here/in this matter')
loka-dvayamthe two worlds
loka-dvayam:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक) + dvi (संख्या)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (two worlds)
abhīpsunāby one desiring
abhīpsunā:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhi-√āp/√īps (ईप्स् धातु; desiderative stem īpsu)
Formइच्छार्थक-कृदन्त (desiderative/agent noun īpsu), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; 'अभीप्सु' = desiring
Speaker

Sūta

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Śivarātri (as vrata within the Nāgara-khaṇḍa tirtha discourse)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Mahārāja (Ānarta, as the named interlocutor in the next verse)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Sūta addressing a kingly listener in an assembly, gesturing in instruction; behind them a night-time Śiva shrine suggests Śivarātri vigil and the promise of ‘both worlds’.

Characters & Entities
S
Sūta
Ś
Śivarātri

FAQs

Śivarātri is recommended as a wise, comprehensive observance that supports both worldly well-being and spiritual progress.

The discourse continues within the Hāṭakeśvara-kṣetra Māhātmya framework of Nāgara Khaṇḍa.

A direct injunction: Śivarātri should be performed/observed by one seeking benefit in both worlds.

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