Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 44
Devanagari script
तथा चतुर्दशोनाम नरकोऽधोमुखः स्थितः । नरकाणां समस्तानामेष रौद्रतमाकृतिः
Transliteration
tathā caturdaśonāma narako'dhomukhaḥ sthitaḥ | narakāṇāṃ samastānāmeṣa raudratamākṛtiḥ
Translation
同様に、第十四の地獄は「アドームカ（Adhomukha）」（顔を下にした者）と呼ばれ、そこでは逆さまに吊るされる。全ての地獄の中で、これが最も恐ろしい姿をしている。
Word by Word
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण
caturdaśaḥfourteenth
caturdaśaḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootcaturdaśa (प्रातिपदिक; चतुर् + दश)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; संख्यावाचक-विशेषण
nāmaby name
nāma:
Sambandha (Apposition/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnāman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय; नाम-शब्दः (quotative)
narakaḥhell (a hell)
narakaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
adho-mukhaḥface-down / downward-faced
adho-mukhaḥ:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhas (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक) + mukha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (adho mukhaḥ = downward-faced)
sthitaḥsituated / standing
sthitaḥ:
Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate adjective/कर्मसमानाधिकरण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsthā (धातु) → sthita (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
narakāṇāmof the hells
narakāṇām:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootnaraka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), बहुवचन
samastānāmof all
samastānām:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsamasta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन; विशेषण
eṣaḥthis (one)
eṣaḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम
raudratama-ākṛtiḥa form of utmost ferocity
raudratama-ākṛtiḥ:
Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (Predicate noun/समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootraudratama (प्रातिपदिक; raudra + tama) + ākṛti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (raudratamāyāḥ ākṛtiḥ = form of the most terrible)
Speaker
Skanda (deduced)
Visual Art Cues
Scene: A vast infernal grove where bodies hang inverted; the landscape itself feels upside-down, with ominous flames and attendants enforcing the posture.
Characters & Entities
A
Adhomukha (name of a naraka)FAQs
Adharma culminates in states of profound suffering; the Purāṇa underscores fear of wrongdoing to protect dharma.
No named tīrtha appears in this verse; it is part of a broader māhātmya discourse using naraka-descriptions as deterrence.
None is stated here; the verse identifies and characterizes a particular naraka.